Abstract
Modern cosmology is in a complete upheaval. A host of new methods has recently flourished that allow to probe our universe and determine its geometry. The search for remote supernovae SNeIa supplemented by the measurements of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies will soon determine - within the next two decades - the cosmological parameters such as ΩM and ΩA. Observations already indicate that ~ two thirds of the universe are filled with what may be interpreted as vacuum energy or quintessence. The remaining third would be made of non-relativistic matter comprising mostly an important non-baryonic component. Since Zwicky’s determination of the dynamical mass of the Coma cluster in 1933, the astronomical dark matter puzzle has challenged many astronomers and is still awaiting for its solution. The presence of large amounts of unseen material around galaxies and inside clusters is now confirmed by various searches that follow independent strategies. The virial velocities as well as the X-ray emission profiles of clusters will be discussed together with the developing field of gravitational lensing. The evidences for a significant amount of matter concealed around galaxies is not disputable. The intra-cluster gas fraction may be combined to the results of the primordial nucleosynthesis theory to yield a density of non-relativistic matter on the order of one third - in fairly good agreement with the above mentionned results.
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Salati, P. (2000). Cosmology and Dark Matter. In: Aubert, JJ., Gastmans, R., Gérard, JM. (eds) Particle Physics: Ideas and Recent Developments. NATO Science Series, vol 555. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4128-4_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4128-4_15
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