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Broken Symmetry & Nonequilibrium Superfluid 3He

Circular Birefringence of Propagating Transverse Currents

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Topological Defects and the Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Symmetry Breaking Phase Transitions

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASIC,volume 549))

Abstract

The superfluid phases of 3He provide a unique physical system to study the dynamical effects of spontaneous symmetry breaking in condensed matter. The theory of superfluid 3He is grounded in two of the most successful theories of strongly interacting matter, Landau’s Fermi-liquid theory and the BCS pairing theory of superconductivity. These two theories were placed into a common theoretical framework in the late 60’s. I discuss applications of this theory to nonequilibrium dynamics of superfluid 3He. In 1957 Landau predicted that liquid 3He would support propagating shear waves at low temperatures, i.e. a transverse sound mode. Such waves have recently been observed at low temperatures in the superfluid B-phase of liquid 3He. These observations provide a beautiful example of the effect of spontaneous symmetry breaking in condensed matter. I discuss the theory of transverse wave propagation in 3He and the recent detection of these waves by magneto-acoustic rotation of the polarization in a magnetic field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208, USA

    J. A. Sauls

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Recherches sur les Très Basses Température, C.N.R.S., Grenoble, France

    Yuriy M. Bunkov  & Henri Godfrin  & 

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Sauls, J.A. (2000). Broken Symmetry & Nonequilibrium Superfluid 3He. In: Bunkov, Y.M., Godfrin, H. (eds) Topological Defects and the Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Symmetry Breaking Phase Transitions. NATO Science Series, vol 549. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4106-2_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4106-2_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6205-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4106-2

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