Abstract
Piezoceramics have been technically employed for a long time, for example as fast sensors in accelerometers. They are also used as actuators in resonator or ultrasonic applications. To a growing extent piezoelectric transducers are employed as fast and precise drives which are characterized by short reaction times on the order of milliseconds and high forces larger than a kilonewton at, however, small displacements in the range of microns [12]. To achieve a maximum displacement the transducers are driven with an electrical field of up to 2000 V/mm. Since driving voltages above 1000 V are difficult to handle the thickness of a single ceramic plate is limited to 0.5 mm.
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Janocha, H., Clephas, B. (2000). Measurement and Simulation of the Electromechanical Behavior of Piezoelectric Stack Transducers. In: Galassi, C., Dinescu, M., Uchino, K., Sayer, M. (eds) Piezoelectric Materials: Advances in Science, Technology and Applications. NATO Science Series, vol 76. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4094-2_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4094-2_19
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