Abstract
Analysis of data begins with a procedure that is commonly termed validation. For the purposes of this chapter, validation means a thorough check of the analytical method to ensure that an adequate quality control process has been used. For analysis of data from a research or a method development project, quality control must have been an integral part of the method used for analysis, as is required by good laboratory practice. If, on the other hand, the data to be analyzed originate from a monitoring or surveillance program used to estimate environmental contamination, then a comprehensive quality assurance plan covering both the sampling performed and the analytical procedure should exist, and validation then consists of verifying that the data quality objectives set forth at the beginning of the program have been met.
Notice: Although the work described in this chapter has been supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Sharaj, M., Illman, D. & Kowalski, B., Chemometrics. John Wiley, New York, Chapter 3, 1986.
Brown, K. W. & Black, S. C., Quality assurance and quality control data validation procedures used for the Love Canal and Dallas lead soil monitoring programs. Environ. Mon. Assmt, 3 (1983) 113–22.
Taylor, J. K., Quality assurance of chemical measurements. Anal. Chem., 53 (1981) 1588A–93A.
USEPA, Guidelines establishing test procedures for the analysis of pollutants under the clean water act. Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 136 (40 CFR 136), Washington, DC, 1986.
Goldin, A. S., Evaluation of internal control measurements in radioassay. Health Phys., 47 (1984) 361–74.
Black, S. C., Defining control sites and blank sample needs. In Principles of Environmental Sampling, ed. L. H. Keith. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1987.
ASTM, Standard Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Procedures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data. Designation: D4210–83, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1983.
USEPA, Upgrading Environmental Radiation Data. EPA 520/1–80–012, Washington, DC, Chapter 6,1980.
Glaser, J. A., Foerst, D. L., McKee, G. D., Quave, S. A. & Budde, W. L., Trace analysis for wastewaters. Environ. Sci. Technol., 15 (1981) 1426–35.
USEPA, National Drinking Water Regulations for Synthetic Organic and Inorganics. Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 141, Washington, DC, 1985.
ASTM, Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Methods of Committee D-19 on Water. Designation: D2777–77, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1977.
Taylor, J. K. & Stanley, T. W. (eds), Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. Special Technical Publication 867, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1985.
Barnett, V. & Lewis, T., Outliers in Statistical Data. John Wiley, New York, 1978.
Gale, H. J., The lognormal distribution and some examples of its application in the field of radiation protection. Report AERE-R-4736, AERE, Harwell, 1965.
Natrella, M. G., Experimental Statistics. National Bureau of Standards Handbook 91, Washington, DC, 1966.
Schmid, C. F. & Schmid, S. E., Handbook of Graphic Presentation, 2nd edn. John Wiley, New York, 1979.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Black, S.C. (1991). Data Analysis and Presentation. In: Hewitt, C.N. (eds) Instrumental Analysis of Pollutants. Environmental Management Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3860-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3860-4_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-85166-548-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3860-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive