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Photo-oxidation and Stabilization of Polyethylene

  • Chapter
Mechanisms of Polymer Degradation and Stabilisation

Abstract

The main reactions of ketones and hydroperoxides to be expected on photo-oxidation of polyethylene are reviewed. The performance of various light stabilizers on outdoor exposure of polyethylene is compared. HALS used alone or in combination with benzotriazole-type UV absorbers show by far the best effect.

Possible reaction mechanisms are considered for the interpretation of outdoor exposure data. The mechanisms of quenching of excited ketone carbonyl groups are examined in detail. It is shown that hindered-amine light stabilizers (HALS) do not quench ketone photolysis. However, benzotriazole-type UV absorbers are very efficient quenchers for ketones. The Norrish type I reaction is quenched according to the long-range energy transfer mechanism. The chemical changes on outdoor exposure of 2-mm HDPE plaques were monitored by IR spectroscopy. It is found that build-up of vinyl groups in HALS-stabilized samples starts with the beginning of exposure, concomitantly with loss of tensile impact strength. The reactions responsible for the observed effects are discussed. Finally, the fate of HALS-l on outdoor exposure of HDPE plaques is examined. Loss of ester groups is shown to be caused by a side reaction of the nitroxyl radical formed in the stabilization process.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ciba-Geigy Ltd, CH-4002, Basle, Switzerland

    François Gugumus

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  1. François Gugumus
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Aston University, Birmingham, UK

    Gerald Scott (Professor of Polymer Science) (Professor of Polymer Science)

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© 1990 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

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Gugumus, F. (1990). Photo-oxidation and Stabilization of Polyethylene. In: Scott, G. (eds) Mechanisms of Polymer Degradation and Stabilisation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3838-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3838-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-85166-505-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3838-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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