Abstract
Husserl’s life’s work can be regarded as an exhaustive attempt to answer the most fundamental of Kant’s questions in another way. How, Kant asked, are objects of experience possible? In asking this question, Kant deliberately set himself against any empirical philosophy which simply took for granted the reality of an objective world and so restricted its enquiry into the scope and limits of human knowledge to an examination of the way in which the mind might come to know such a reality. The so-called ‘opernican revolution’was inspired by a characteristic reversal. Instead of asking how objects of experience make knowledge possible, Kant proposed to ask instead how knowledge, more specifically a certain kind of transcendental knowledge, makes objects of experience possible. His answer is too well known to require elaboration. Working out of the basic duality of a passive faculty of sense and an active faculty of understanding, Kant argued that certain a priori forms,located in a distinctively transcendental dimension of the mind, had first to be applied to a manifold of appearances, given in sense, in order that this material should then present itself, for understanding, in an objectively unified fashion.
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Notes
Broekman, Jan, Phänomenologie und Egologie, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff,1963, S. 2.
Husserl, Edmund, Erste Philosophie II, hrsg. Rudolf Boehm, Husserliana Band VIII, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1959, S. 312, remark 2.
Husserl, Edmund, Die Idee der Phänomenologie, tr. by W. Alston & G. Nakhnikian as The Idea of Phenomenology, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1964, p. 3.
ibid., p. 3.
ibid., pp. 6–7.
ibid., p. 6.
ibid., p. 28.
Husserl, Edmund, Phänomenologische Psychologie, hrsg. Walter Biemel, Husserliana Band IX, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1968, S. 347.
Husserl, Edmund, Ideas 1, op.cit., see esp. chapter 3.
Husserl, Edmund, Philosophie der Arithmetik, S. 130.
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, Phénoménologie de la Perception, tr. by Colin Smith as The Phenomenology of Perception, London: Routledge, 1962, p. xiii.
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Husserl, Edmund, Ideas I, op. cit., 129, p. 333.
ibid., 131, p. 337.
ibid., 131, p. 337.
Husserl, Edmund, Ideas I, op. cit., see esp. 85.
Kant, Immanuel, Kritik der reinen Vernunft, tr. by Norman Kemp Smith as Critique of Pure Reason, London: Macmillan, 1929, B 132, N.K.S. p. 153.
Aguirre, Antonio, Genetische Phänomenologie und Reduktion, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1970, pp. 158–166.
de Almeida, Guido, Sinn und Inhalt in der genetischen Phänomenologie E. Husserls, Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1972, S. 7.
Aguirre, Antonio, op. cit., S. 7.
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Bachelard, Suzanne, La Logique de Husserl, tr. by Lester Embree as A Study of Husserl’s Formal and Transcendental Logic, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1968, p. 4.
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Heidegger, Being and Time, op. cit.., p. 51 [H. 28].
ibid., p. 58 [H. 35].
See Being and Time, op. cit., p. 50 [H. 28], where Heidegger uses Husserl’s slogan in support of his own very different conception of phenomenology.
ibid., p. 52 [H. 29].
ibid., p. 53 [H. 29].
Hegel, G.W.F., Phänomenologie des Geistes, tr. by J.D. Baillie as The Phenomenology of Mind, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1910, p. 81.
ibid., pp. 81–82.
Hegel, G.W.F., Enzyklopädie, hrsg. Nicolin &Pöggeler, Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 1969, 131, S. 134.
Sartre, Jean-Paul, L’être et le néant, tr. by Hazel Barnes as Being and Nothingness, New York: Philosophical Library, 1956, p. 5.
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Macann, C. (1991). The Method of Phenomenological Constitution. In: Presence and Coincidence. Phaenomenologica, vol 119. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3754-6_2
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