Abstract
The growing popularity of connectionism has sparked a great deal of discussion and research in the cognitive science community. To a large extent, the focus has been on the theoretical and empirical adequacy of connectionist systems as models of cognitive processes. The goal has been to determine the computational capacities of connectionist networks and to explore how such networks might be used to model the psychological processes that control behavior. Not all of the discussion about connectionism has focused on such issues, however. Indeed, a substantial literature addresses far loftier concerns about the nature of connectionism, such as whether connectionism can, in principle, provide adequate accounts of psychological phenomena, whether connectionism represents a theoretical revolution (or “paradigm shift”), and what the relationship is between connectionist and neural models on the one hand, and connectionist and symbol processing models on the other.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson, J. R.: 1983, The Architecture of Cognition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Broadbent, D.: 1985, ‘A Question of Levels: Comment on McClelland and Rumelhart,’ Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 114, 189–192.
Collins, A. M. and Loftus, E. F.: 1975, ‘A Spreading Activation Theory of Semantic Processing,’ Psychological Review 82, 407–428.
Fodor, J. and Pylyshyn, Z.: 1988, ‘Connectionism and Cognitive Architecture: A Critical Analysis,’ Cognition 28, 3–71.
Hinton, G. E.: 1981, ‘Implementing Semantic Networks in Parallel Hardware,’ in G. Hinton and J. A. Anderson (eds.) Parallel Models of Associative Memory, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
Hinton, G. E. and Sejnowski, T. J.: 1986, ‘Learning and Relearning in Boltzmann Machines,’ in D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Volume I: Foundations, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Hinton, G. E., McClelland, J. L. and Rumelhart, D. E.: 1986, ‘Distributed Representations,’ in D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Volume I: Foundations, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Marr, D.: 1982, Vision, Freeman, San Francisco.
Massaro, D. W.: 1987, Speech Perception by Ear and by Eye: A Paradigm for Psychological Inquiry, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
McClelland, J. L. and Rumelhart, D. E.: 1981, ’An Interactive Activation Model of Context Effects in Letter Perception: Part 1, Psychological Review 88, 375–407.
Newell, A.: 1987, The Williams James Lecture Series, presented at Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Oden, G. C.: 1977, ‘Integration of Fuzzy Logical Information,’ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 3, 565–575.
Oden, G. C.: 1988, FuzzyProp: A Symbolic Superstrate for Connectionist Models, presented at the Second IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, San Diego, CA.
Pinker, S. and Prince, A.: 1987, ‘On Language and Connectionism: Analysis of a Parallel Distributed Processing Model of Language Acquisition,’ Cognition 28, 73–193.
Pollack, J.: 1988, ‘Recursive Auto-associative Memory: Devising Compositional Distributed Representations,’ Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Montreal.
Rueckl, J. G.: (1990), ‘Similarity Effects in Word and Pseudoword Repetition Priming,’ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 16, 374–391.
Rumelhart, D. E. and McClelland, J. L.: 1986a, ‘PDP Models and General Issues in Cognitive Science,’ in D. E. Rumelhart & J. L. McClelland (eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing Volume 1: Foundations, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Rumelhart, D. E., Smolensky, P., McClelland, J. L. and Hinton, G. E.: 1986, ‘Schemata and Sequential Thought Processes in PDP Models,’ in J. McClelland and D. Rumelhart (eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Volume 2: Psychological and Biological Models, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Seidenberg, M. S. and McClelland, J. L.: 1989, ‘A Distributed, Developmental Model of Visual Word Recognition,’ Psychological Review 96, 523–568.
Sejnowski, T. and Churchland, P. S.: 1988, ‘Brain and Cognition,’ in M. I. Posner (ed.), Foundations of Cognitive Science, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Smolensky, P.: 1988, ‘On the Proper Treatment of Connectionism,’ The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11, 1–74.
Smolensky, P.: 1986, ‘Neural and Conceptual Interpretations of Parallel Distributed Processing Models,’ in J. McClelland and D. Rumelhart (eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Volume 2: Psychological and Biological Models, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Touretzky, D. and Hinton, G.E.: 1986, ‘A Distributed Connectionist Production System,’ Technical Report, Carnegie-Mellon University.
Zadeh, L.: 1976, ‘A Fuzzy Algorithmic Approach to the Definition of Complex or Imprecise Concepts,’ International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 8, 149–291.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rueckl, J.G. (1991). Connectionism and the Notion of Levels. In: Horgan, T., Tienson, J. (eds) Connectionism and the Philosophy of Mind. Studies in Cognitive Systems, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3524-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3524-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5559-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3524-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive