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Preparation of Voltammetric and Potentiometric Carbon Fibre Microelectrodes

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Microelectrodes: Theory and Applications

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 197))

Abstract

Carbon fibres are mechanically stable and their surfaces can be easily modified by chemical reactions. Therefore, they are versatile and convenient basis materials for the fabrication of voltammetric and amperometric as well as of Potentiometrie microelectrodes. There is, however, a variety of carbon fibres available. They are prepared from different precursors and by different procedures and for this reason may differ drastically in their mechanical and chemical properties. Highly oriented PAN- (polyacrylonitrile) based fibres with circular cross sections and “onion peel” arrangement of the graphitic layers are most suitable for the preparation of conically shaped or pointed fibre electrodes, whereas pitch-based fibres with radial arrangement of the graphitic layers usually show “star”-shaped cross sections after electrochemical or chemical etching. Mechanically stable and electronically conducting cation exchangers can be obtained by pulsed current anodic oxidation of highly oriented PAN-based fibres in dilute aqueous electrolytes. These materials are microporous and hydrophilic and may be further modified or simply be used as a matrix, e.g. to accomodate the active components of single fibre reference electrodes such as Ag/AgCl. Microreference electrodes of this kind are characterized by very low impedance.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 8, D-4400, Münster, Germany

    J. O. Besenhard & A. Schulte

  2. Institut für Medizinische Physik der, Universität Münster, Hüfferstraße 68, D-4400, Münster, Germany

    K. Schur

  3. Institute of Physical Chemistry, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54006, Thessaloniki, Greece

    P. D. Jannakoudakis

Authors
  1. J. O. Besenhard
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  2. A. Schulte
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  3. K. Schur
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  4. P. D. Jannakoudakis
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade do Minho, Largo do Paço, Braga, Portugal

    M. Irene Montenegro  & M. Arlete Queirós  & 

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    John L. Daschbach

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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Besenhard, J.O., Schulte, A., Schur, K., Jannakoudakis, P.D. (1991). Preparation of Voltammetric and Potentiometric Carbon Fibre Microelectrodes. In: Montenegro, M.I., Queirós, M.A., Daschbach, J.L. (eds) Microelectrodes: Theory and Applications. NATO ASI Series, vol 197. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3210-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3210-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5416-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3210-7

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