Abstract
The human nervous system is anatomically subdivided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The first includes the brain and spinal cord, and the second the cranial and spinal nerves. The cortex (i.e. ; cerebrum), cerebellum, midbrain, pons and medulla represent the five major anatomical units of the brain. Functionally the brain can be subdivided into small parts, such as the motor cortex, auditory cortex, hippocampus, and so on. A human brain contains one hundred billion computing elements called neurons which can be considered as the fundamental building blocks of the nervous system. A neuron is a cell similar to all the cells in the body ; however, certain critical specializations allow it to perform all of the computational and communication functions within the brain. As shown in figure 1, the neuron consists of three sections : the cell body, the dendrites, and the axon, each with separate but complementary functions.
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De Saint Laumer, J.Y., Chastrette, M., Devillers, J. (1991). Multilayer Neural Networks Applied to Structure-Activity Relationships. In: Devillers, J., Karcher, W. (eds) Applied Multivariate Analysis in SAR and Environmental Studies. Eurocourses: Chemical and Environmental Science, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3198-8_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3198-8_14
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