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Neurotox ’91 pp 179–190Cite as

FMRFamide-Related Peptides: Organisation and Expression of the Gene in the Snail Lymnaea

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Abstract

A neuropeptide that has aroused a great deal of interest in the last few years is the tetrapeptide, FMR Famide (pronounced 'Femerfamide'), named after the single letter abbreviations for its constituent amino acids (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2). FMR Famide was originally isolated from the sunray Venus clam Macrocallista nimbosa by Price and Greenberg in 1977,1 and since then attempts have been made to detect FMR Famide in many diverse phyla. Authentic FMR Famide appeared to be restricted to the molluscs. However, Krajniak and Price2 recently demonstrated the presence of FMR Famide in the polychaete annelid worm Nereis virens. This was not entirely unexpected, since the annelid worms are believed to share a common ancestry with molluscs and thus should contain authentic FMR Famide or a closely related peptide. Although FMR Famide is restricted to molluscs and polychaetes, FMR Famide immunoreactivity shows a broad phylogenetic distribution with FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) having been detected in every organism studied including the mammalian CNS.3 These observations suggest that a family of FMRFamide-related peptides exists within the animal kingdom. To date, over 50 FMRFamide-related peptides have been isolated and their structures characterised.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sussex Centre for Neuroscience, Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK

    Julian F. Burke, Kerris Bright, Susan E. Saunders, Elaine Kellett & Paul R. Benjamin

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  2. Kerris Bright
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  1. Department of Life Science, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK

    I. R. Duce

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Burke, J.F., Bright, K., Saunders, S.E., Kellett, E., Benjamin, P.R. (1992). FMRFamide-Related Peptides: Organisation and Expression of the Gene in the Snail Lymnaea. In: Duce, I.R. (eds) Neurotox ’91. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2898-8_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2898-8_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-85166-746-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-2898-8

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