Skip to main content

Applications of terpene analysis in forest genetics

  • Chapter
Population Genetics of Forest Trees

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 42))

Abstract

Terpenoid substances in forest trees are versatile biochemical systems for use as genetic markers and for studying genetic regulation at the biochemical level. Univariate, multivariate and correlative data analyses from numerous studies on different coniferous species are presented. These data indicate that fitness values for most terpenes examined are probably so low as to be unmeasurable except in long evolutionary time spans. Variation patterns for monoterpenes often closely parallel racial differentiation for morphological traits and reflect the migratory history of species and species-complexes. Random drift and gene flow are likely the major influences on genetic organization of terpene variability. Mutation in regulatory genes may be responsible for quantitative variation within major gene systems for terpenes. The mono-, sesqui- and diterpene systems in conifers offer good opportunities for research on the nature of gene regulation in plants and its evolutionary significance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, R. P. 1977. Chemosystematics - analyses of populational differentiation and variability of ancestral and recent populations of Juniperous ashei. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 64: 184–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, R. P. and Hagerman, A. 1976. A comparison of the volatile oils of mature versus young leaves of Juniperus scopulorum: chemosystematic significance. Biochem. Systematics and Ecology 4: 75–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, R. P., von Rudloff, E., Zanoni, T. A. and Hogge L. 1980. The terpenoids of an ancestral/advanced species pair of Juniperus. Biochem. Systematics and Ecology 8: 35–37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernard-Dagan,C. 1987. Biosynthesis of lower terpenoids: genetic and physiological controls in woody plants, pp. 329–351. In: Hanover, J. W. and Keathley, D. (Eds) Genetic Manipulation of Woody Plants. Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birks, J. S. and Kanowski, P. J. 1988. Interpretation of the composition of coniferous resin. Silvae Genetica 37: 29–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bongarten, B. C. and Hanover, J. W. 1982. Hybridization among white, blue, and white x blue spruces. For.Sci. 28: 129–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, M. R. and Hanover, J. W. 1982a. Genetic variation in oleoresin physiology of Scotch pine. For. Sci. 28: 582–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, M. R. and Hanover, J. W.1982b. Indirect selection for pest resistance using terpenoid compounds, pp. 161–168. In: Heybroek, H. M., Stephan, B. R. and von Weissenberg, K. (Eds) Resistance to Diseases and Pests in Forest Trees. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, M. R., Hanover, J. W. and Noecker, N. 1979a. Varietal identification of eight-year old Scotch pine by monoterpene analysis. Mich. Christmas Tree J. Feb. 1979: 33–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, M. R., Hanover, J. W. and Wilkinson, R. C. 1979b. Oleoresin characteristics of eastern white pine seed sources and relationship to weevil resistance. For. Sci. 25: 175–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, J. E., Borden, J. H., Pierce, Jr., H. D. and Lister, G. R. 1987. Foliar and cortical monoterpenes in Sitka spruce: potential indicators of resistance to the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Can. J. For. Res. 17: 740–745.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byers, J. A. 1983. Bark beetle conversion of a plant compound to a sex-specific inhibitor of pheromone attraction. Science 220: 624–626.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cermak, J. 1987. Monoterpene hydrocarbon contents of the resin from seeds of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). Trees 1: 94–101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, J. F. and Keith, G. C. 1972. Geographic survey of monoterpenes in loblolly and shortleaf pines. USDA For. Serv. Res. Paper SO-79.12 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forde, M. B. and Blight, M. M. 1964. Geographical variation in the turpentine of Bishop pine. New Zealand J. Bot. 2: 44–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, G. I. 1980. Seasonal and spatial variation in cortical monoterpene composition of Sitka spruce oleoresin. Can. J. For. Res. 10: 452–457.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, G. I. 1987. A rangewide comparison of outlying and central lodgepole pine populations based on oleoresin monoterpene analysis. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 15: 19–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, G. D. and Langenheim, J. H. 1987. Geographic variation in leaf monoterpenes of Sequoia sempervirens. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 15: 31–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1966a. Genetics of terpenes. I. Gene control of monoterpene levels in Pinus monticola Doug. Heredity 21: 73–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1966b. Inheritance of 3-carene concentration in Pinus monticola. For. Sci. 12: 447–450.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1966c. Environmental variation in the monoterpenes of Pinus monticola Doug. Phytochem. 5: 713–717.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1971. Genetics of terpenes. II. Genetic variances and interrelationships of monoterpene concentrations in Pinus monticola. Heredity 27: 237–245.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1974. Biochemical analysis of tree speciation. Proc. Third North Amer. For. Biol. Workshop, Fort Collins, CO. pp. 106–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1975a. Physiology of tree resistance to insects. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 20: 75–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J.W. 1975b.Comparativephysiologyof easternandwestern whitepines: oleoresin composition and viscosity. For. Sci. 22: 214–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanover, J. W. 1983. Biochemical methods for accelerating progress in tree improvement. Proc. 1 7thSouthern Forest Tree Improvement Conf. pp. 312–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, L. H., Borden, J. H., Pierce, Jr., H. D. and Oehlschlager, A. C. 1983. Cortical resin monoterpenes in Sitka spruce and resistance to the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Can. J. For. Res. 13: 350–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinloch, B. B., Westfall, R. D. and Forrest, G. I. 1986. Caldonian Scots pine: origins and genetic structure. New Phytol. 104: 703–729.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kossuth, S. V. and Muse, H. D. 1986. Cortical monoterpene variation among slash pine ramets by season, aspect, crown position, and bud vigor. For. Sci. 32: 605–613.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langenheim, J. H., Stubblebine, W. H. and Foster, C. E. 1979. Effect of moisture stress on composition and yield in leaf resin of Hymenaea courbaril. Biochem. Systematics and Ecology 7: 21–28.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michelozzi, M., Squillace, A. E. and White, T. L. 1990. Monoterpene composition and fusiform rust resistance in slash pine. For. Sci. 36: 470–475.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mirov, N. T. 1948. The terpenes in relation to the biology of the genus Pinus. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 17: 521–540.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mirov, N. T. 1961. Composition of gum turpentines of pines. USDA Tech. Bull. No. 1239. 158 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mirov, N. T. 1967. The genus Pinus. Ronald Press, NY. 602 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, P. P. 1980. Developmental variation in volatile oil of blue spruce. Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. 138 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, P. P. and Hanover, J. W. 1987. Variation in yield of blue spruce monoterpenes associated with crown position and frequency of resin canals. Forest Science 33: 1081 –1088.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muzika, R. M., Pregitzer, K. S. and Hanover, J. W. 1989. Changes in terpene production following nitrogen fertilization of grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl.) Lindl.) seedlings. Oecologia 80: 485–489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paine, T. D., Blance, C. A., Nebeker, T. E. and Stephen, F. M. 1987. Composition of loblolly pine resin defenses: comparison of monoterpenes from induced lesion and sapwood resin. Can. J. For. Res. 17: 1202– 1206.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raffa, K. F. and Berryman, A. A.1987. Interacting selective pressures in conifer-bark beetle systems: a basis for reciprocal adaptations? Amer. Nat. 129: 234–262.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raffa, K. F., Berryman, A. A., Simasko, J., Teal, W. and Wong, B. L. 1985. Effects of grand fir monoterpenes on the fir engraver, Scolytus ventralis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and its symbiotic fungus. Environ. Entomol. 14: 552–556.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, A. N. and Hanover, J. W. 1982. Genetic variation in cortical monoterpene compositionof Picea pungensEngelm.Proc.SeventhNorthAmer.For.Biol. Workshop, Lexington, KY. 332 pp. (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reed, A. N., Hanover, J. W. and Furniss, M. M. 1986. Douglas-fir and western larch: chemical and physical properties in relation to Douglas-fir bark beetle attack. Tree Physiology 1:277–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rehfeldt, G. E. and von Rudloff, E.1978. Terpenes for indirect selection of growth potential in Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir. USDA For. Res. Note INT-244. 8 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, D. R. 1970. Within-tree variation of monoterpene hydrocarbon composition of slash pine oleoresin. Phytochemistry 9: 809–815.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rockwood, D. L. 1973. Monoterpene-fusiform rust relationships in loblolly pine. Phytopathology 63: 551–553.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rottink, B. A. and Hanover, J. W. 1972. Identification of blue spruce cultivars by analysis of cortical oleoresin monoterpenes. Phytochemistry 11: 3255–3257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruby, J. L. and Wright, J. W. 1976. A revised classification of geographic varieties in Scots pine. Silvae Genetica 25: 169–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer, P. R. and Hanover, J. W. 1986. Taxonomic implications of monoterpene compounds of blue and Engelmann spruces. For. Sci. 32: 725–734.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer, P. R. and Hanover, J. W. 1990. An investigation of sympatric populations of blue and Engelmann spruces in the Scotch Creek drainage, Colorado. Silvae Genetica 39: 72–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiller, G. and Grunwald, C. 1987. Cortex resin monoterpene composition in Pinus brutia provenances grown in Israel. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 15: 389–394.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. H., Peloquin, R. C. and Passof, P. C. 1969. Local and regional variation in the monoterpenes of Ponderosa pine wood oleoresin. USDA For. Serv. Res. Paper PSW-56. 10 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. M., Marty, R. A. and Peters, C. F. 1981. The diterpene acids in the bled resins of three Pacific Kauri, Agathis vitiensis, A. lanceolata and A. macrophylla. Phytochemistry 20: 2205–2207.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snajberk, K. and Zavarin, E. 1976. Mono and sesqui-terpenoid differentiation of Pseudotsuga of the United States and Canada. Biochem. Systematics and Ecology 4: 159–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snajberk, K. and Zavarin, E. 1986. Monoterpene differentiation in relation to the morphology of Pinus remota. Biochem. Systematics and Ecology 14: 155–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squillace, A. E. 1971. Inheritance of monoterpene composition in cortical oleoresin of slash pine. For. Sci. 17: 381–387.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Squillace, A. E. 1976. Analyses of monoterpenes by gas-liquid chromatography, pp. 120–157. In: Miksche, J. P. (Ed) Modern Methods in Forest Genetics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Squillace, A. E. and Wells, O. O. 1981. Geographic variation of monoterpenes in cortical oleoresin of loblolly pine. Silvae Genetica 30: 127–135.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinhoff, R. J.1964. Taxonomy, nomenclature, and variation within the Pinus flexilis complex. Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI. 81 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, S. H. and Critchfield, W. B. 1982. Inheritance of β-pinene in xylem oleoresin of knobcone × Monterey pine hybrids. Forest Sci. 28: 687–696.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobolski, J. J. 1968. Variations in monoterpenes in Scotch pine. Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. 125 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobolski, J. J. and Hanover, J. W. 1971. Genetic variation in the monoterpenes of Scotch pine. For. Sci. 17: 293–299.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, A. M. and Hanover, J. W. 1972. Altitudinal variation in photosynthesis, growth and monoterpene composition of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) seedlings. Silvae Genetica 21: 133–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Rudloff, E. 1967. Chemosystematic studies in the genus Picea (Pinaceae) II. The leaf oil of Picea glauca and P. mariana. Can. J. Bot. 45: 1703–1714.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Rudloff, E. 1972. Seasonal variation in the composition of the volatile oil of the leaves, buds, and twigs of white spruce (Picea glauca). Can. J. Bot. 50: 1595–1603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Rudloff, E.1975a. Volatile leaf oil analysis in chemosystematic studies of North American conifers. Biochem. System. Ecol. 2: 131 – 167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • von Rudloff, E. 1975b. Seasonal variation of the terpenes of the leaves, buds, and twigs of blue spruce (Picea pungens). Can. J. Bot. 53: 2978–2982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitney, R. D. and Denyer, W. B. G. 1969. Resin as a barrier to infection of white spruce by heartrotting fungi. For. Sci. 15: 266–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, R. C. 1985. Comparative white-pine weevil attack susceptibility and cortical monoterpene composition of western and eastern white pines. For. Sci. 31: 39–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, R. C. and Hanover, J. W. 1972. Geographical variation in the monoterpene composition of red spruce. Phytochem. 11: 2007–2010.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, R. C., Hanover, J. W., Wright, J. W. and Flake, R. H. 1971. Genetic variation in the monoterpene composition of white spruce. For. Sci. 17: 83–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yazdani, R., Nilsson, J. E. and Ericsson, T. 1985. Geographical variation in the relative proportion of monoterpenes in cortical oleoresin of Pinus sylvestris in Sweden. Silvae Genetica 34: 201–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zavarin, E. and Cobb, Jr., F. W. 1970. Oleoresin variability in Pinus ponderosa. Phytochemistry 9: 2509–2515.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zavarin, E., Lawrence, L. and Thomas, M. C.1971. Compositional variations of leaf monoterpenes in Cupressus macrocorpa, C. Pygmaea, C. Goveniana, C. Abramsiana, and C. Sargentii. Phytochem. 10: 379–393.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zavarin,E.andSnajberk,K. 1986.Monoterpenoiddifferentiationinrelation tothe morphology of Pinus discolor and Pinus johannis. Biochem. Syst. and Ecol. 14: 1 – 11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zavarin, E., Snajberk, K. and Fisher, J. 1975. Geographic variability of monoterpenes from cortex of Abies concolor. Biochem. Syst. and Ecol. 3: 191–203.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hanover, J.W. (1992). Applications of terpene analysis in forest genetics. In: Adams, W.T., Strauss, S.H., Copes, D.L., Griffin, A.R. (eds) Population Genetics of Forest Trees. Forestry Sciences, vol 42. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2815-5_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2815-5_9

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5251-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-2815-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics