Abstract
As it is well known, the Scientific Revolution was a genuinely European phenomenon (although not all nations contributed equally) in which a great majority of the world’s regions were left by the wayside. The powerful West European nations did not take long, however, in displaying a determined desire to expand; they soon try to diffuse their science and their technology around the world, motivated more by colonial aspirations than philanthropic ones. This important historical process, in which Europe happened to reproduce its scientific-technical patterns in very different locations, continues to be poorly understood, despite recent growing interest.
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Notes
George Basalla, “The Spread of Western Science” Science, vol.CLVI, n° 277, 5, (1967).
George Basalla, “The Spread of Western Science”, Science, vol.CLVI, n° 277, 5, (1967), p.611.
George Basalla, “The Spread of Western Science”, Science, vol.CLVI, n° 277, 5, (1967), p.613.
George Basalla, “The Spread of Western Science”, Science, vol.CLVI, n° 277, 5, (1967), p.611.
David Wade Chambers, “Period and Process in Colonial and National Science”;
Roy MacLeod, “On Visiting the Moving Metropolis: Reflections on the Architecture of Imperial Science”;
Richard A. Jarrell, “Differential National Development and Science in the 19th Century: The Problems of Quebec and Ireland”: all of them in Nathan Reingold and Marc Rothenberg (eds.), Scientific Colonialism — A Cross Cultural Comparison, Washington, The Smithsonian Institution, 1987;
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Nova Stella, 1989. The standard reference works on the subject are Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1961;
Niyazi Berkes, The Development of Secularism in Turkey, Montreal, McGill University Press, 1964;
Stanford J. Shaw and Ezel Kural-Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1977;
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J.J. Saunders, “The Problem of Islamic Decadence”, in Cahiers d’Histoire Mondiale, vol.VII, n°3 (1962).
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Quoted in Bernard Lewis, The Muslim Discovery of Europe, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1982, p.234.
See Alberto Elena, La América de Pirî Reis y otras visiones otomanas;
Thomas D. Goodrich, 16th Century Ottoman Americana: A Study of “Tarih-i Hind i Garbi”, Ph. Diss. Columbia University, 1968;
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See the tables presented by Stanford J. Shaw and Ezel Kural-Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Vol.II, p.122,
Sevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820–1913, p.31–32.
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Sadun Aren, “Le problème de l’industrialisation dans l’Empire ottoman au XIXe siècle”, in J. L. Bacqué-Grammont and P. Dumont (eds.), Economies et sociétés dans l’Empire ottoman (Fin du XVIIIe siècle début du XXe siècle), Paris, Editions du C.N.R.S., 1983, p.451.
Sevket Pamuk, The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820–1913, p.17 and 131.
See Stanford J. Shaw and Ezel Kural-Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, vol.II, p.120–121 and 226–229;
Sevket Pamuk The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820–1913, p.34–36 and 68–71;
Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, p.185–187.
Nathan Reingold and Marc Rothenberg, Introduction to Scientific Colonialism, p.XII.
Robert Mantran, “La transformation du commerce dans l’Empire ottoman au XVIIIe siècle”, in T. Naff and E.R.J. Owen (eds.), Studies in 18th Century Islamic History, Carbondale-Edwardsville (Ill.), Southern Illinois University Press, 1977.
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Elena, A. (1992). Models of European Scientific Expansion: The Ottoman Empire as a Source of Evidence. In: Petitjean, P., Jami, C., Moulin, A.M. (eds) Science and Empires. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol 136. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2594-9_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2594-9_27
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