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Genetic manipulation of gut microorganisms

  • Chapter
Probiotics

Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract ecosystem of vertebrate animals contains a variety of habitats for microbes. These habitats are diverse and include the liquid fraction of the gut contents, the surfaces of particulate material in the digesta, the mucus associated with the surface of secretory epithelia lining the tract, and the surface of epithelial cells themselves. The organic moleeules available as a source ofnutrients for gastrointestinal microbes is also diverse since they comprise molecules present in the host animal’s diet, as well as molecules derived from the host’s own secretions and cells. This diversity of habitats and complex chemical environment is reflected in the range of different metabolic and morphological types of microbes that can be detected in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. For example, at least 400 types of bacteria have been detected in the faeces of humans (Table 8.1). Thirty to forty species constitute the major part of the microbial population (reviewed by Drasar and Barrow, 1985; and by Savage, 1977). The coIlection of microbes colonizing the healthy gastrointestinal tract, referred to as the normal microflora, thus represents a rich field of endeavour for microbiologists. The metabolically diverse character of the gastrointestinal microflora also provides a source of potentially exploitable microbes for the biotechnologist.

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Tannock, G.W. (1992). Genetic manipulation of gut microorganisms. In: Probiotics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2364-8_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2364-8_8

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