Abstract
In the eighty years which have elapsed since Kamerlingh Onnes noticed that the electrical resistance of a mercury sample disappeared when it was cooled to 4.2 K by liquid helium, a wide range of materials has been found to possess the remarkable property of superconductivity. Most of the early experimental work was concerned with the metallic elements but in the quest for higher transition temperatures, attention turned to alloys and then to metallic compounds. Recently, superconductivity has been demonstrated in more exotic solids; for example, a limited number of organic compounds which consist of conducting chains in a polarizable matrix exhibit a zero resistance state at liquid helium temperatures.
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Allen, J.F. The Meissner Effect (1989, 2nd edition, 23 min.); available from the producers at Department of Physics, St. Andrews University, KY16 9SS, Scotland.
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Mc McClintock, P.V.E., Meredith, D.J., Wigmore, J.K. (1992). Superconductivity. In: Low-Temperature Physics: an introduction for scientists and engineers. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2276-4_4
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