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Extrahepatic metabolism of nicotine and related compounds by cytochromes P450

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Nicotine and Related Alkaloids

Abstract

Although the liver is the main site of metabolism of foreign chemicals — generally regarded as the most important organ in terms of kinetics and kinetics-dependent effects of xenobiotics — practically every tissue in the body contains at least some enzymes capable of metabolizing at least some exogenous substances (Gorrod, 1978). The gastrointestinal tract may contribute significantly to the first pass phenomenon of compounds absorbed in the gut. Respiratory tract, including nasal mucosa, and lungs form the first portal of entry for inhaled compounds. Skin is the barrier which also harbours xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and kidney, through which the excreted chemicals and metabolites pass, is a metabolizing organ in its own right. Consequently, appropriate enzymes in any tissue may be of significance in the metabolic activation of drugs, carcinogens and other toxic substances.

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Authors
  1. K. Vähäkangas
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  2. O. Pelkonen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chelsea Department of Pharmacy, King’s College, London, UK

    J. W. Gorrod

  2. Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    J. Wahren

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Vähäkangas, K., Pelkonen, O. (1993). Extrahepatic metabolism of nicotine and related compounds by cytochromes P450. In: Gorrod, J.W., Wahren, J. (eds) Nicotine and Related Alkaloids. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2110-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2110-1_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

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