Abstract
One day, according to the Bible, Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden and contrived to start a new life of labour and effort in order to survive. They had left Heaven for a new economic world. A world where, although blessed with a large dowry and patrimony [1], directly available resources were scarce. Air for breathing was available everywhere and so was water: water for drinking and washing, but not in all places and not always of the desired quality. Rivers and lakes then became privileged places for human settlements. The problem of finding food could first be solved through hunting and gathering. But all this was of limited efficiency when population density increased. The first economic revolution started with the beginning of agriculture. The descendants of Adam and Eve had learnt by then that most resources do not only exist per se, but also as a consequence of human knowledge and understanding of the environment inhabited by man and of the technologies he is able to develop.
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Notes
for the notion of Dowry and Patrimony, see Giarini, Orio (ed.) (1980) Dialogue on Wealth and Welfare, Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 168–248.
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one of the best books on the history of the Industrial Revolution is: Landes, David, S. (1972) The Unbound Prometheus, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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see Fourastier, Jean (1958) Le Grand Espoir du XXe Siecle, Gallimard, Paris; also Clark, Colin (1960) Les Conditions du Progrès Economique (The Conditions of Economic Progress), PUF, Paris; also Bell, Daniel (1973) The Coming of the Post-Industrial Society, Basil Books, New York, N.Y.
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the definition of the Service Economy as a networking system has also been advanced by Leveson, Irvin (1985) The Networking Economy, Hudson Institute Papers, New York, N.Y.; the same orientation is taken in a recent book by Bressand, Albert and Distler, Catherine (1985) Le Prochain Monde (Resopolis), Paris.
see Berliner, Baruch (1982) Limits of Insurability of Risks, Prentice Hall, Inc Eaglewood Cliffs, N.J.
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as 17.
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there is a delicate economic and social trade-off problem here. A high level of compensation for unemployment might be socially desirable, but it is equally desirable socially not to use the taxpayer’s money beyond a certain level, so as not to encourage the non-motivated suffering from no real need to seek support.
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as 40; see also the Newsletter of the co-operative action programmes on Local Initiatives for Employment creation, OECD, Paris.
as 40; see in particular the initiative “Women’s World Banking”, launched by Michaela Walsh in New-York, USA, with a record of successful initiatives in Africa and Asia.
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see the work of the Basic Income Research Group in London.
from Hugues, Thomas P. (1983) Network of Power, John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, and London.
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Giarini, O., Stahel, W.R. (1993). The New Battleground for Risk Taking :The Service Economy. In: The Limits to Certainty. International Studies in the Service Economy, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1775-3_2
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