Abstract
a. The equivalence and the conceptual distinction of inertial and gravitational mass is not present in Newton’s Principia (1687). Newton discusses the properties of gravitation, and in book three, proposition six states that the quantity of matter is proportional to the weight. This proportionality is substantiated by means of a pendulum experiment.
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Notes
Hegel Encyclopedia tr. Petry.
Wandschneider, D. 1982 and 1986; Gieß, M. 1990; Paolucci, H. 1984.
For an account of Newton’s concept of mass see, for example, Kubbinga, H.H. 1988; Jammer, M. 1964.
Newton Principles.
Cohen, I.B. 1987.
Neuser, W. 1986 and 1990.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 16; tr. P.K.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 263–271; tr. Petry. I. 244-283; tr. Miller pp. 47-84.
For an interpretation of the first chapter of the mechanics the reader is referred to, for example, Wandschneider, D. 1982 and 1986; Gieß, M., 1990.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 262–269; tr. Petry. I. 241-263; tr. Miller pp. 44-65.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 263; tr. Petry. I. 244; tr. Miller p. 47.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 264 and Remark; tr. Petry. I. 244-245; tr. Miller pp. 47-48.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 265–266; tr. Petry. I. 246-253; tr. Miller pp. 49-56.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 266 Addition; tr. Petry. I. 248-253; tr. Miller pp. 51-56.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 265; tr. Petry. I. 246-248; tr. Miller pp. 49-51.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 266; tr. Petry. I. 249,21-22; tr. Miller p. 52.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 266; tr. Petry. I. 248,30-249; tr. Miller p. 51.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 262; tr. Petry. I. 242,18-20; tr. Miller p. 45.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 267; tr. Petry. I. 253,27-30; tr. Miller p. 56.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 264 Addition; tr. Petry. I. 246,1-2; tr. Miller p. 49.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 269; tr. Petry. I. 260,1-5; tr. Miller p. 62.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 262 and § 269 Remark; tr. Petry. I. 241; 260; tr. Miller pp. 45,62.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 269; tr. Petry. I. 260,24-261,5; tr. Miller p. 63.
For a discussion of this mistake by Hegel, see Neuser, W. 1986.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 269 Addition; tr. Petry. I. 262,31-34; tr. Miller p. 65.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 266; tr. Petry. I. 250,3-6; tr. Miller p. 53.
Einstein, A. 1916.
Fischbach, E. et al. 1986.
Eötvös, R.v., Pekâr, D. and Fekete, E. 1922.
Boynton, P.E. et al. 1987, Thieberger, P. 1987.
Stubbs, C.W. et al. 1987, Niebauer, T.M. et al. 1987, Adelberger, E.G. et al. 1987.
Ander, M.E. et al. 1988.
Stubbs, C.W. et al. 1989, Speak, C. and Quinn, T. 1988.
Stacey, F.D. et al. 1987.
Ander, M.E. et al. 1989.
Eckhardt, D.H. et al. 1988.
Trânh than Van, J. 1989.
Exceptions are, for example, Schiff, L.I. 1959 and Wigner, E.P. 1949, who give arguments for the equivalence principle based on comparing matter and anti-matter. For a refutation of these arguments, see, for example, Chardin, G. 1989.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 267; tr. Petry. I. 256,12-19; tr. Miller p. 60.
Hegel Encyclopedia § 268; tr. Petry. I. 257,15-16; tr. Miller p. 60.
Dijksterhuis, E.J. 1950.
Galilei, G. Discorsi; tr. Crew, H. and de Salvio, A. p. 107.
Galilei, G. Discorsi; tr. Crew, H. and de Salvio, A. p. 107.
Swart, H. 1985.
For a clear exposition of classical mechanics see, for example, Landau, L. and Lifshitz, E. 1960.
See for example Hill, E.L. 1951.
Popper, K. 1959.
Kluit, P.M. 1990.
Wandschneider, D. 1982.
Jammer, M. 1964.
Sneed.J.D. 1971.
Sneed, J.D. 1971.
Wandschneider, D. 1980.
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Kluit, P.M. (1993). Inertial and Gravitational Mass: Newton, Hegel and Modern Physics. In: Petry, M.J. (eds) Hegel and Newtonianism. Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas, vol 136. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1662-6_18
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