Abstract
The methods of surface characterization can be divided into two broad classes as being spectroscopical and thermodynamical. Among the first group all types of analytical techniques of surface analysis, which aims at functional group and elemental analysis at various depth profiles and lateral analysis areas, can be included. The thermodynamical methods are mostly based on titration, adsorption,calorimetry and contact angle determination. The contact angle methods are unique in the sense that they give information on the work of adhesion which is directly relevant to the composite physical properties. The London-dispersion or van der Waals(LW) interactions at an interface can be estimated from the contact angle data which employ probe liquids with only LW interactions. For polymeric composites the other interaction term is the Lewis acid-base type component specific interactions which are more difficult to determine experimentally. The experimentally determined contact angle itself is an ill-defined parameter that requires careful measurements and fulfill a set of conditions to be meaningful from a thermodynamical point of view. Within these limitations,wetting measurements are used to augment the spectroscopical techniques to characterize surfaces.
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Bayramli, E. (1993). Some Experimental Methods of Characterizing Surfaces. In: Akovali, G. (eds) The Interfacial Interactions in Polymeric Composites. NATO ASI Series, vol 230. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1642-8_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1642-8_8
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