Abstract
In eastern North America, two Mesozoic basins related to the early rifting phases of the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea are the Newark-Gettysburg Basin of the mid-Atlantic states and the Hartford-Deerfield Basin of New England. These basins show classic listric normal-fault, half-graben structure, with older back-tilted strata generally showing slightly more rotation with depth. The Newark and Hartford Basins were probably never depositionally connected, but they do show similar cyclic patterns of basin filling. Arkosic and lithic basin fill were dominated by alluvial fan deposition adjacent to border faults and braided stream deposition in proximal parts of basins. Sediment influx was dominantly from south to north in the Newark Basin during the Late Triassic. Distal and low lying areas of the basins were dominated by lacustrine deposition exhibiting Milankovitch-type lake-level cyclicity.
The western margin of North America was dominated by sedimentation in convergent tectonic settings during the Mesozoic. The Galice Formation of the Western Jurassic Belt (Klamath Mountains) is a classic example of sedimentary fill accumulated in a marginal interarc basin (which later contracted) adjacent to North America. Original sedimentary patterns of the Galice are obscured by folding and slaty cleavage developed during collision and accretion of the Rogue arc terrane with the continent during the Nevadan Orogeny. The Galice sediments have detrital modes indicating recycled orogen clast input from the continent to the east, and volcanic clast input from the Rogue island arc to the west. Post-Nevadan Dothan (Oregon) and Franciscan (California) strata suggest deposition in a subduction complex setting of an Andean-type tectonic regime along the western edge of North America. Detrital modes of Dothan-Franciscan (subduction complex) and Myrtle Group-Great Valley Sequence (forearc basin) sandstones show considerable compositional overlap, indicating a common provenance — the Sierran-Klamath volcanoplutonic arc and collisional orogen complex.
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Ryberg, P.T. (1992). Comparison of sedimentary petrologic sequences produced in Mesozoic extensional and convergent tectonic settings in North America. In: Bartholomew, M.J., Hyndman, D.W., Mogk, D.W., Mason, R. (eds) Basement Tectonics 8. Proceedings of the International Conferences on Basement Tectonics, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1614-5_35
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1614-5_35
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