Continuous wave and Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers

Abstract

YAG lasers are solid-state lasers which means that unlike large CO₂ lasers, no gas circulation is required. The consumable is not gas but an arc lamp, almost as easily replaceable as a light bulb. YAG lasers are relatively compact, and though inefficient in terms of energy conversion (a few per cent at best), their Q-switchability permits enhancement of peak powers, enabling them to perform some very demanding tasks. Their adaptability is enhanced due to their efficient transmission by fibre optics. They have found many varied applications throughout the world, some of which will be described in the following pages, namely:

• 1. Resistor trimming — probably the biggest application for solid-state industrial lasers.

• 2. Laser marking or engraving — permanent, fast marking of a variety of materials.

• 3. Laser cutting and drilling.

• 4. Laser soldering — an elegant means of non-contact soldering arising from the increasing application of SMD (surface mount devices)-based circuitry.