Abstract
Biological sciences in general and plant biology in particular underwent a revolutionary change with the development of recombinant DNA technology. This term can be applied to a variety of in vivo and in vitro techniques aimed at the production of new combinations of heritable material by the splicing of nucleic acid molecules in vitro (Old and Primrose, 1989). Gene manipulation started with the discovery of bacterial transformation, restriction and modification enzymes and techniques to monitor DNA cutting and joining reactions. In order to isolate specific genes from eukaryotic organisms using bacterial or yeast model systems, it is necessary to attach them to a genetic element which will allow the production of many copies of the isolated DNA fragment. Such elements are known as vectors or cloning vehicles.
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Xoconostle-Cázares, B., Lozoya-Gloria, E., Herrera-Estrella, L. (1993). Gene cloning and identification. In: Hayward, M.D., Bosemark, N.O., Romagosa, I., Cerezo, M. (eds) Plant Breeding. Plant Breeding Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1524-7_9
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