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Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria pp 1–51Cite as

Gene transfer systems and transposition

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Abstract

The lactic acid bacteria have evolved and been selected for exploitation in a variety of food fermentation processes. The strains currently available have been subject to gene introduction and genetic reorganization by a variety of natural mechanisms. The study of these mechanisms of gene transfer and DNA rearrangement has led to the development of genetic techniques that can be exploited for strain improvement. These systems complement the genetic engineering methods that are described in chapter 2. This chapter covers the characterization and exploitation of conjugation, transduction and transformation in lactic acid bacteria and the exploitation of generalized recombination and chromosomal integration. The lactic acid bacteria harbour a large number of transposable genetic elements and these undoubtedly contribute to the genetic instability that appears characteristic of many strains. The characterization of the known IS elements and the nisin transposon are described as well as the exploitation of heterologous transposons for genetic analysis. The recent development of pulsed field gel electrophoresis for analysis of whole chromosomes together with some elegant genetic strategies has led to progress in physical and genetic mapping of lactococcal genomes which is also reviewed.

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  1. M. J. Gasson
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  2. G. F. Fitzgerald
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. AFRC Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK

    Michael J. Gasson

  2. Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Netherlands Institute for Dairy Research (NIZO), PO Box 20, NL-6710 BA, Ede, The Netherlands

    Willem M. De Vos

  3. Department of Microbiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands

    Willem M. De Vos

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Gasson, M.J., Fitzgerald, G.F. (1994). Gene transfer systems and transposition. In: Gasson, M.J., De Vos, W.M. (eds) Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1340-3_1

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