Skip to main content

Optical amplifiers for coherent transmission and optical FDM

  • Chapter
Coherent Lightwave Communications Technology

Part of the book series: Telecommunications Technology and Applications Series ((TTAP))

  • 161 Accesses

Abstract

Optical amplifiers have been studied for a long time, starting with optical amplification experiments carried out in 1960. At that time, the results did not confirm their practical application in the communications field. Around 1970, the first continuous oscillation of laser diodes (LDs) at room temperature was achieved. The initial development of optical devices as light sources in communications focused on LDs. From the mid 1980s, research into optical fiber amplifiers became active again. In 1985, low-loss optical fibers doped with rare-earth ions were developed, and in 1987, optical amplification using an erbium-doped single-mode fiber was successfully carried out. Furthermore, in 1989, successful transmission experiments were reported. Through those transmission experiments, optical amplifiers were designated a new technology, leading to a new era in optical communications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Atkins, C. G., Massicott, J. F., Armitage, J. R., Wyatt, R., Ainslie, B. J. and Craig-Ryan, S. P. (1989) Electronics Letters, 25/14, p. 910.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergano, N., Aspell, J., Davidson, C., Trischitta, P., Nyman, B. and Kerfoot, F. (1991) Technical Digest of Optical Fiber Communication Conference 1991, PD13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darcie, T. E., Jopson, R. M. and Tkach, R. W. (1987) Electronics Letters, 23/25, p. 1392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desurvire, E., Giles, C. R. and Simpson, J. R. (1989) IEEE Journal Lightwave Technology, 7/12, p. 2095.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elrefaie, A. F., Wagner, R. E., Atlas, D. A. and Daut, D. G. (1988) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 6/5, pp. 704–709.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Février, H., Auge, J., Parlier, V., Bousselet, P., Dursin, A., Marcerou, J. F. and Jacquier, B. (1989) Proceedings ECOC’89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giles, C. R., Desurvire, E. and Simpson, J. R. (1989) Optics Letters, 14/16, p. 880.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glance, B. S., Eisenstein, G., Fitzgerald, P. J., Pollock, K. J. and Raybon, G. (1989) IEEE/OSA Journal Lightwave Technology, 7/5, p. 759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, J. and Haus, H. (1986) Optics Letters, 11/10, pp. 665–667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, J. and Mollenauer, L. (1990) Optics Letters, 15/23, pp. 1351–1353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grosskopf, G., Ludwig, R., Waarts, R. G. and Weber, H. G. (1988) Electronics Letters, 24/1, p. 31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, K., Kominato, T. and Toba, H. (1991) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 3/8, p. 718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, K., Mukai, T. and Saitoh, T. (1987) Applied Physics Letters, 51/14, p. 1051.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, K., Toba, H. and Nosu, K. (1991) IEEE/ISO Journal Lightwave Technology, 9/3, p. 368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, K., Toba, H., Shibata, N., Iwatsuki, K., Takada, A. and Shimizu, M. (1989) Electronics Letters, 25/9, p. 594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, T. (1991) Technical Digest of Topical Meeting on Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications, ThA1, pp. 78–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwashita, K. and Takachio, N. (1990) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 8/3, pp. 367–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Magari, K., Kondo, S., Yasaka, H., Noguchi, Y., Kataoka, T. and Mikami, O. (1990) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2/11, p. 792.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mollenauer, L. F., Lichtman, E., Harvey, G. T., Neubelt, M. J. and Nyman, B. M. (1992) Technical Digest of Optical Fiber Communication Conference 1992, PD10, pp. 351–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mollenauer, L., Nyman, B., Neubelt, M., Raybon, G. and Evangelides, S. (1991) Electronics Letters, 27/2, pp. 178–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukai, T., Inoue, K. and Saitoh, T. (1987a) Applied Physics Letters, 51/6, p. 381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukai, T., Inoue, K. and Saitoh, T. (1987b) Electronics Letters, 23/8, p. 396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsson, N. A. (1989) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 7/7, p. 1071.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pettitt, M. J., Hadjifotiou, A. and Baker, R. A. (1989) Electronics Letters, 25/6, p. 416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryu, S., Mochizuki, K. and Wakabayashi, H. (1989) IEEE/OSA Journal Lightwave Technology, 7/10, p. 1525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, S., Aiki, M. and Ito, T. (1993) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 11/2, pp. 331–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, S., Imai, T. and Ito, T. (1991) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 9/2, pp. 161–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, S., Murakami, M., Naka, A., Fukada, Y., Imai, T., Aiki, M. and Ito, T. (1991) Post-deadline papers of 17th European Conference on Optical Communication/8th International Conference on Integrated Optics and Optical Fiber Communications, A.PDP.5, pp. 68–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saito, S., Murakami, M., Naka, A., Fukada, Y., Imai, T., Aiki, M. and Ito, T. (1992) IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 10/8, pp. 1117–1126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shibutani, M., Cha, I., Yamazaki, S., Kitamura, M. and Emura, K. (1989) Proceedings IOOC’89, 21B4-5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tachibana, M., Laming, R. I., Morkel, P. R. and Payne, D. N. (1991) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 3/2, p. 118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taga, H., Edgawa, N., Yoshida, Y., Yamamoto, S., Suzuki, M. and Wakabayashi, H. (1992) Technical Digest of Optical Fiber Communication Conference 1992, PD12, pp. 359–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welter, R., Laming, R. I., Sessa, W. B., Vodhanel, R. S., Maeda, M. W. and Wagner, R. E. (1989) Electronics Letters, 25/20, p. 1333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Sadakuni Shimada

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ito, T., Inoue, K. (1995). Optical amplifiers for coherent transmission and optical FDM. In: Shimada, S. (eds) Coherent Lightwave Communications Technology. Telecommunications Technology and Applications Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1308-3_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1308-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-57940-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1308-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics