Abstract
This chapter is concerned with the physiology of the developing mammal from the time the major organs have developed to birth. Fetal physiology is of interest not only because during fetal life the foundations for future growth and performance are established, but also because the physiology of one animal growing within another is of interest for its own sake. As the fetus grows in size and the various body systems develop, so the ‘physiology’ of the fetus changes. Much of what we know has been based on studies in the last third of gestation when the fetus is relatively large. Special interest has also been directed to the fetus immediately before birth for, by understanding the behaviour of the fetus before birth, it is hoped to limit the damage caused by the delivery and to optimize the care of the newborn afterwards. Less is known about the physiology of the fetus in mid-gestation, although the development of several clinical techniques (ultrasonography, amniocentesis and fetal blood sampling) over the last decade has increased our knowledge of the biology of the human mid-trimester fetus (Pesonen et al, 1983; Nicolaides et al, 1985; Forestier, 1987; Forestier et al, 1987; Peters and Nicolaides, 1990; Fisk and Rodeck, 1992; Stephenson, 1993).
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Broughton-Pipkin, F., Hull, D., Stephenson, T. (1994). Fetal Physiology. In: Lamming, G.E. (eds) Marshall’s Physiology of Reproduction. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1286-4_8
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