Abstract
During this century the synthetic chemical industry has enjoyed rapid and continuous growth. By 1980, that industry manufactured £350 billion worth of chemicals world-wide; 50% of that occurred in Europe. The industry is now a giant in the European economy. It contributes 10% of valued added in most developed countries, 2–3% of GDP, and 10% of trade [1]. The phenomenal growth of the industry has seen a doubling in output volume every 7–8 years through its life (until 1980). Between 1950 and 1980, the amount of chemicals produced per capita in Europe more than doubled each decade [2].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
OECD [1983], Economic Aspects of International Chemical Controls, OECD: Paris.
Davis, D. and Magee, G. (1979). Cancer and Industrial Chemical Production, Science, 306, 1356.
World Resources Institute [1990], World Resources 1990–91, Basic Books: New York.
Bull, D. [ 1982], A Growing Problem: Pesticides and the Third World Poor, Oxfam: Oxford.
Crone, H. [1986], Chemicals and Society, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
Sittig, M. [ 1980], Pesticides Manufacturing and Toxic Control Encyclopaedia, Noyes: New Jersey.
Conway and Pretty, [1991 ], Unwelcome Harvest, Earthscan, London
Brown, J. (ed.) [1989], Environmental Threats: Perception, Analysis and Management, Belhaven: London.
NRC [1987], Regulating Pesticides in Food. National Research Council: Washington, D.C.
Pariza, M. [1989], A Perspective on Diet and Cancer, in Taylor, S. and Scanlan, R. (eds.) [1989], Food Toxicology: A Perspective on Relative Risks, Marcel Dekker: New York.
Rosen, S. [1981], Valuing Health Risk, American Economic Review, v. 71(2), p. 241.
Andreasson, I. [1989], Costs of Controls on Farmers’ Use of Nitrogen, Stockholm School of Economics: Stockholm.
Page, T. [1978], A Generic View of Toxic Chemicals and Similar Risks, Environmental Law Quarterly, v. 7, p. 207.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Swanson, T.M., Lloyd, R. (1994). The Regulation of Chemicals in Agricultural Production. In: Bergman, L., Pugh, D.M. (eds) Environmental Toxicology, Economics and Institutions. Economy & Environment, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0968-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0968-0_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4419-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0968-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive