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Sediment Transport Models and their Testing

  • Chapter
Computer Modeling of Free-Surface and Pressurized Flows

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 274))

Abstract

Hydraulic and environmental engineers must evaluate transport, deposition, and erosion of sediment for planning and operating river and canal systems. An alluvial flow is characterized by the inter-dependency of flow, sediment transport, bed form, and friction factor: The flow affects the sediment transport and bed form, which control the hydraulic roughness and channel geometry. The hydraulic roughness and channel geometry, in turn, affect the flow. This interdependency produces major difficulties for analyzing and simulating fluvial flow and associated sediment transport. Thus, a key to successful sediment transport modeling is to correctly reflect this interdependency in a model.

Numerous methods and formulas are available for predicting stage-discharge relationships and calculating sediment discharge in rivers. They are an integral part of sediment transport computer codes. This paper summarizes sediment transport mechanisms, stage-discharge predictors, sediment discharge formulas, and 22 numerical sediment transport models. Furthermore, the paper discusses tests of 10 representative stage-discharge predictors, 23 sediment discharge formulas, and 6 sediment transport computer codes against each other and against measured data. The wide scatter of their predictions clearly demonstrates the lack of understanding of this interdependency, and no single stage-predictor, sediment discharge formula, and flow-sediment routing code can be selected as the best method or model to analyze sediment transport for all conditions. Thus, a user must review many methods and models for their applicabilities and limitations relative to a specific problem, and then select several computer codes mat contain suitable friction factor representations and sediment discharge formulas.

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  1. Pacific Northwest Laboratory Operated by Battelle Memorial institute, U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA

    Yasuo Onishi

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  1. Yasuo Onishi
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  1. Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

    M. Hanif Chaudhry

  2. Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

    Larry W. Mays

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Onishi, Y. (1994). Sediment Transport Models and their Testing. In: Chaudhry, M.H., Mays, L.W. (eds) Computer Modeling of Free-Surface and Pressurized Flows. NATO ASI Series, vol 274. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0964-2_10

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