Summary
Realistic models for the dynamics of populations of animals or bacteria should minimally account for uptake and use of resources by individuals. In field situations, it is usually necessary to implement also more advanced behaviour, such as interactions between individuals and spatial and temporal inhomogeneities. The dynamics of many heterotrofic systems can be understood by focusing on energy fluxes only, because mass fluxes tend to be closely coupled to them. Realistic and relatively simple descriptions of energy uptake and usage by individuals appeared to be possible for this purpose. Surface area related uptake, volume related maintenance and storage dynamics are the main key elements. These non-specific descriptions distinguish three energy-defined life stages of an animal (embryo, juvenile and adult) and allow the derivation of body size scaling relations of parameter values. Consequent application of the first law of thermodynamics at both the individual and the population level proves to restrict oscillations considerably in comparison with for instance Lotka--Voterra-based population dynamics. The dynamics of populations of energy-structured individuals can to some extent be simplified to a description of the energy uptake and use by the population in terms of that by individuals. These new objects, populations, can be linked into food chains and food webs to explore potential dynamics of ecosystems. Realistic descriptions of a three-step microbial food chain have been obtained. Body size scaling relations can be used to reduce the number of parameters of the system. The specification of ecosystem dynamics then reduces to that of particle size distributions. In this way it proved to be possible to explain for instance, why food chains cannot have many links.
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Kooijman, S.A.L.M. (1994). Individual Based Population Modelling. In: Grasman, J., van Straten, G. (eds) Predictability and Nonlinear Modelling in Natural Sciences and Economics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0962-8_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0962-8_20
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