Abstract
Sedimentological investigations of the 6500-m-thick Neogene and younger section of the Békés basin reveal multiple sedimentary processes related to deltaic progradation in a deep lacustrine basin. Cores, well logs and seismic profiles were used to investigate the sedimentologic processes, the paleoenvironments of deposition, and the history of basin filling. A gradual termination of middle Miocene (Badenian-Sarmatian) shallow-marine bioclastic deposition marks the time of accelerated basin subsidence and the onset of lacustrine sedimentation(Pannonian sensu-lato). Three major stages of lacustrine sedimentation are identified. These stages (in ascending order) are represented by: (1) basal calcareous to silty organic-rich marl; (2) prodelta turbidites; and (3) delta-slope deposits.
The basal marl (248 m thick) reaches its maximum thickness in central parts of the basin, but also drapes most surrounding basement highs.
Abundant sand-rich turbidites derived from advancing deltas form a thick (963 m) prodelta sequence. Subsequences identified within the prodelta strata include, in ascending order, distal lobe, fan, rare channel, and slumped deposits. Successive fan systems, that originated from multiple deltas, formed solitary to interfingering sand bodies as the deltas advanced.
The slope deposits, with inclined strata (3–25° dips) can be divided into 3 main depositional sequences: (1) alternating marl, silt, and sand laminae; (2) amalgamated turbidite sands; and (3) deformed (slumped) beds. Density flows and slumping were the dominant depositional-erosional processes on the delta slope. During deposition, sand bypassed the slope and was carried through gullies and/or channels to the base of the slope. These gullies and/or channels later became filled with amalgamated turbidites or with large slumped sediment masses. The turbidites contain marl rip-up clasts interbedded with large- and small-scale cross-bedded sandstones. The thickness of the delta-slope deposits suggests that the lake was at least 600 m deep.
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Phillips, R.L., Révész, I., Bérczi, I. (1994). Lower Pannonian Deltaic-Lacustrine Processes and Sedimentation, Békés Basin. In: Teleki, P.G., Mattick, R.E., Kókai, J. (eds) Basin Analysis in Petroleum Exploration. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0954-3_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0954-3_3
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