Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Chemistry of Waste Minimization pp 247–327Cite as

Hydrogen peroxide in clean processes

  • Chapter

Abstract

In this chapter, the current and potential contribution of hydrogen peroxide to waste minimisation will be examined. The main focus of the review, in line with the whole of this book, will be the chemicals industry. However, some attention will be given to pulp and paper and to metals applications, in view of the overall significance of these. The uses of hydrogen peroxide in intrinsically clean processes and in end-of-pipe treatments, both now and in the future, are explored.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. See G. Goor and W. Kunkel monograph, Hydrogen peroxide, in Ullmans Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. A13, pp. 443–466, (ed B. Elvers) 1989, VCH, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  2. R.A. Sheldon in Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, p. 9 (eds D.H.R. Barton et al.), Plenum Press, New York 1993.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. R.A. Sheldon in Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, p. 9 (ed. L. Simándi), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  4. R.A. Sheldon, Chemtech 1994, March, 38 and Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, p. 9 (ed. L. Simándi), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Data from Chemical Economics Handbook, SRI and Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  6. See e.g. refs in: Paper pulp: L.A. Beeman and J.S. Reichert in Ch. XII of The Bleaching of Pulp, TAPPI Monograph Series No. 10, New York 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Textiles: Literature survey of textile bleaching, American Dyestuff Reporter, 1950, 39, 663,

    Google Scholar 

  8. Literature survey of textile bleaching, American Dyestuff Reporter, 1950, 39, 703,

    Google Scholar 

  9. Literature survey of textile bleaching, American Dyestuff Reporter, 1950, 39, 739,

    Google Scholar 

  10. Literature survey of textile bleaching, American Dyestuff Reporter, 1950, 39, 782,

    Google Scholar 

  11. Literature survey of textile bleaching, American Dyestuff Reporter, 1950, 39, 820.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Laundry: A.H. Gilbert, Detergent Age, 1967, June, 18–20;

    Google Scholar 

  13. A.H. Gilbert, Detergent Age, 1967, July, 30–33;

    Google Scholar 

  14. A.H. Gilbert, Detergent Age, 1967, August, 26–27.

    Google Scholar 

  15. H.J.H. Fenton, Proc. Chem. Soc., London, 1893, 9, 113.

    Google Scholar 

  16. H.J.H. Fenton, J. Chem. Soc., 1894, 65, 899.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. D.F. McMillen and D.M. Golden, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 1982, 33, 493.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Samuni, D. Meisel and G. Czapski, J. Chem. Soc. (Dalton), 1972, 1273.

    Google Scholar 

  19. P. Maggioni and F. Minisci, La Chimica e L’Industria, 1977, 49, 239.

    Google Scholar 

  20. F. Minisci, La Chimica e L’Industria, 1983, 65, 487.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. F. Minisci, A. Citterio and E. Vismara, Tetrahedron, 1985, 41(19), 4157.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. F. Minisci, E. Vismara and F. Fontana, Heterocycles, 1989, 28(1), 489.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. A.U. Khan and M. Kasha, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1970, 92, 3293.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. C.S. Foote, S. Wexler, W. Ando and R. Higgins, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1968, 90, 975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. See chs. 6–9 of Singlet Oxygen (eds H.H. Wasserman and R.W. Murray), Vol. 40 of Organic Chemistry monographs, Academic Press, New York 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Degussa AG, European Patent 463304; Solvay Interox World Patent 93/08 144.

    Google Scholar 

  27. A.J. Everett and G.J. Minkoff, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1953, 49, 410.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. J.F. Goodman, P. Robson and E.R. Wilson, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1962, 58, 1846.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Solvay Interox, unpublished information.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Propylox SA, US Patents 4 160 778, 4 193 929, 4 267 124, 4 294 776.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Propylox SA, US Patents 4 304 639, 4 325 888, 4 358 609.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Novo Nordisk A/S, World Patent 91/04333; F. Björkling, S.E. Godtfriedson and O. Kirk, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1990, 1301.

    Google Scholar 

  33. F.-G. Tao, L.-X. Xu, Y.-Z. Lu, S.-M. Ma, G.-Z. Sun and G.-Y. Xie, Acta Chim. Sin. (Engl. Ed.), 1989, 5, 463–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. A.M. d’A Rocha Gonsalves, R.A.W. Johnstone, M.M. Pereira and J. Shaw, J. Chem. Res. (M), 1991, 2101–18.

    Google Scholar 

  35. M.S. Cooper, H. Heaney, A.J. Newbold and W.R. Sanderson, Synlett., 1990, 9, 533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. L.F. Fieser and M. Fieser, Reagents and Organic Synthesis, Vol. 1, 135, Wiley Interscience, New York 1967, and subsequent volumes.

    Google Scholar 

  37. P. Brougham, M.S. Cooper, D.A. Cummerson, H. Heaney and N. Thompson, Synthesis, 1987, 11, 1015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. B. Radzizsewski, Berichte, 1884, 17, 1289.

    Google Scholar 

  39. K.B. Wiberg, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 3961.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. G.B. Payne, P.H. Williams and P.H. Deming, J. Org. Chem., 1961, 26, 659.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. G.B. Payne, Tetrahedron, 1962, 18, 763.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. European Patent 161 234, Monsanto Co.

    Google Scholar 

  43. R.W. Murray, Chem. Rev., 1989, 89, 1187.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. W. Adam, R. Curci and J.O. Edwards, Acc. Chem. Res., 1989, 22, 205.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. W. Adam, L. Hadjiarapoglou, R. Curci and R. Mello, Ch. 4 of Organic Peroxides (ed. W. Ando), Wiley Interscience, New York 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  46. R. Mello, M. Fiorentino, O. Sciacovelli and R. Curci, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53, 38890.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. C.W. Jones, J.P. Sankey, W.R. Sanderson, M.C. Rocca and S.L. Wilson, J. Chem. Res. (S), 1994, 114; World Patent Application 93/00 319, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  48. C.-L. Lee, R. Hogikyan, A. Skothos, G. Sacciadis, J.T. Wearing et al., Proc. Internat. Pulp Bleaching Conf., 1994, 273.

    Google Scholar 

  49. K.M. Reeve, Treatment of Bromide Effluent Problems with H 2 O 2 Technology, presented at OrgaBrom ′93, 2nd Internat. Symposium on Chemistry of Brominated Compounds and their Uses, Jerusalem 27 June to 2 July 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  50. W.C. Bray and R.S. Livingston, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1928, 50, 1654.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. N.A. Milas and S. Suismann, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 1302.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. N.A. Milas and S. Suismann, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2345.

    Google Scholar 

  53. G. Barak, J. Dakka and Y. Sasson, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 64, 3553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. G. Barak and Y. Sasson, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1987, 1266.

    Google Scholar 

  55. S.L. Wilson, Performance Chems. 1993, Oct/Nov, p. 39; see also ref 145.

    Google Scholar 

  56. A.M. Khenkin and C.L. Hill, Mendeleev Commun., 1993, 4, 140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. R. Neumann and M. Gara, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 5509.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. J.T. Groves and G.A. McClusky, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98(3), 859.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. J.T. Groves and W.W. Swanson, Tetrahedron Lett., 1975, 24, 1953.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. H. Sugimoto and D.T. Sawyer, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 5712.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. H. Sugimoto and D.T. Sawyer, J. Org. Chem., 1985, 50, 1784.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. J.-P. Renaud, P. Battioni, J.F. Bartoli and D. Mansuy, J. Chem. Soc Chem. Commun., 1985, 888.

    Google Scholar 

  63. P. Battioni, A. Thellend and D. Mansuy, submitted for publication; French Patent Application pending.

    Google Scholar 

  64. P. Battioni, J.-P. Renaud, J.F. Bartoli and D. Mansuy, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1986, 341.

    Google Scholar 

  65. D. Mansuy, Pure and Appl. Chem., 1987, 59(6), 759.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. D.H.R. Barton, E. Csuhai, D. Doller and Y.V. Geletii, Tetrahedron, 1991, 47(33), 6561.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. D.H.R. Barton and D. Doller, Acc. Chem. Res., 1992, 25(11), 504.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. D.H.R. Barton and D. Doller, Pure and Appl. Chem., 1991, 63(11), 1567.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. B. Notari in Structure Activity and Selectivity Relationships in Heterogeneous Catalysis (eds R.K. Grasselli and A.W. Sleight), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1991, p. 243; Snamprogetti, Belgian Patent 886 812; Enichem Sintesi, European Patent 200 260, 226 257; Montedipe, European Patent 311 983.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Exxon Chemical, World Patent 90/05 126, 94/02 245.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Anic SpA, German Patent 3 309 669, Belgian Patent 890 290.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Enichem Anic Srl, European Patent 522 634.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Montedipe SpA, European Patent 208 311, 267 362, 310 486.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Anic SpA, European Patent 100 119; Enichem Sintesi, European Patent 190 609, 230 949.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Glycol monoether, Anic SpA, European Patent 100 118; β-Phenyl aldehyde, Anic SpA, European Patent 102 097.

    Google Scholar 

  76. M.A. Camblor, A. Corma, A. Martinez and J. Pérez-Pariente, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1992, 589.

    Google Scholar 

  77. M.A. Camblor, A. Corma and J. Pérez-Pariente, Zeolites, 1993, 13, 83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. E.P. Talsi and K.V. Shalyaev, J. Mol. Catal., 1994, 92, 245; Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. M.H. Dickman and M.T. Pope, Chem. Rev., 1994, 94, 569.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. C.L. Hill in ch. 8 of Catalytic Oxidations with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant (ed. G. Strukul), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  81. C. Venturello and R. D’Aloisio, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53, 1553.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. S.E. Jacobsen, D.A. Muccigrosso and F. Mares, J. Org. Chem., 1979, 44(6), 921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Interox SA, US Patent 5 086 189; 4 925 941; European Patent 224 662.

    Google Scholar 

  84. R.T. Taylor and L.A. Flood, J. Org. Chem., 1983, 48, 5160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. W.F. Brill, J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51, 1149.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. A. Coeur and J. Alary, Tenside, 1967, 4(3), 65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. S. Croft, B.C. Gilbert, J.R. Lindsay Smith, J.K. Stell and W.R. Sanderson, J. Chem. Soc Perkin Trans. 2, 1992, 153.

    Google Scholar 

  88. D.M. Davies and R.M. Jones, J. Chem. Soc Perkin Trans. 2, 1989, 9, 1323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. D.F. Evans and M.W. Upton, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1985, 6, 1146.

    Google Scholar 

  90. D.F. Evans and M.W. Upton, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1985, 12, 2525.

    Google Scholar 

  91. D.F. Evans and M.W. Upton, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1985, 6, 1151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. J. Mackenzie, Chemical Engineering, 1990, 97(6), 84.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. J. Mackenzie, Plant/Operations Progress, 1991, 10(3), 164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. N. Prilezhaev, Chem. Ber., 42, 4811.

    Google Scholar 

  95. P.D. Bartlett, Rec. Chem. Prog., 1950, 11, 47.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. R.D. Bach, A.L. Owensby, C. Gonzalez, H.B. Schlegel and J.J.W. McDouall, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113(6), 2338.

    Google Scholar 

  97. M. Mugdan and D.P. Young, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 2988.

    Google Scholar 

  98. G.B. Payne and P.H. Williams, J. Org. Chem., 1959, 24, 54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. G.B. Payne and C.W. Smith, J. Org. Chem., 1957, 22, 1682.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. See e.g. V. Conte and F. Di Furia in Catalytic Oxidations with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant, ch. 7, p. 223, 1992 (ed. G. Strukul), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  101. H. Mimoun in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, vol. 6, p. 317, 1987 (eds G. Wilkinson et al.), Pergamon Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  102. A. Butler, M.J. Clague and G.E. Meister, Chem. Rev., 1994, 94, 625.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. L.J. Csanyi, Proc. 13th Conf. Coord. Chem., 1991, 57–62.

    Google Scholar 

  104. See e.g. Japanese Patent 76 08 216, French Patent 2 320 946, Toray Industries.

    Google Scholar 

  105. G. Gelbard et al., Makromol Chem., Macromol. Symp. 1992, 59 (Int Symp Macro-mol-Met Complexes, 4th, 1991), 353.

    Google Scholar 

  106. T. Tatsumi et al., Chem. Letters, 1992, 5, 815.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. S. Srinivasan and W.T. Ford, New J. Chem., 1991, 15, 693; World Patent 93/00 338, Solvay Interox.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. C. Aubry, N. Platzer, J.-M. Brégeault, R. Thouvenot, F. Chauveau, C. Huet and H. Ledon, Inorg. Chem., 1991, 30(23), 4409.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. M. Bonchio, V. Conte, F. Di Furia and G. Modena, J. Mol. Catal., 1991, 70, 159; European Patent 215 415, Interox.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. M. G. Clerici and P. Ingallina, J. Catal., 1993, 140(1), 71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. B. Meunier in Metalloporphyrin Catalysed Oxidations (eds F. Montanari and L. Casella), p. 4, 1993, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  112. D. Mansuy, Pure and Appl. Chem., 1987, 59, 759.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. P. Battioni, J.P. Renaud, J.F. Bartoli, M. Reina-Artiles, M. Fort and D. Mansuy, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 8462.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. A. Thellend, P. Battioni and D. Mansuy, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1994, 1035.

    Google Scholar 

  115. A.M. d’A Rocha Gonsalves, R.A.W. Johnstone, M.M. Pereira and J. Shaw, J. Chem. Soc Perkin Trans., 1, 1991, 645.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  116. E.g. Y. Ogata and S. Sawaki in Organic Synthesis by Oxidation with Metal Compounds, ch. 16, p. 839 (eds W.J. Mijs and C.R.H.I. de Jonge), 1986, Plenum Press, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  117. Catalytic Oxidations with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant, (ed. G. Strukul) R. Curci and J.O. Edwards in ch. 3 p. 45 and G. Strukul in ch. 6 p. 177, 1992 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  118. H.O. House and R.S. Ro, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1958, 80, 2428.

    Google Scholar 

  119. European Patent 181 475, Firmenich SA.

    Google Scholar 

  120. M. Miyashita, T. Suzuki and A. Yoshikoshi, Chem. Letters, 1987, 285.

    Google Scholar 

  121. G. Strukul, Chimica e Industria, 1990, 72(5), 421.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. G. Strukul, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 7563.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. US Patent 2 813 113, Emery Industries; A. Heins and M. Witthaus, Henkel-Referate, 1984, 20, 42.

    Google Scholar 

  124. E.H. Pryde and J.C. Cowan in Topics in Lipid Chemistry, vol. 2, p. 1 (ed. F.D. Gunstone), 1970, Logos Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  125. US Patents 2 414 385 and 2 437 648, Research Corporation; S. Warwel, Top Curr. Chem., 1993, 164, 49; Japanese Patent 05/4938, Nippon Synth Chem; Soviet Patent 1 766 905, Erev Chem Reagents Works.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. US Patents 5 047 582 and 5 157 152, Ortec.

    Google Scholar 

  127. G. Barak, J. Dakka and Y. Sasson, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1987, 1266.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  129. S. Warwel, M. Rüsch gen Klaas, M. Sojka, Tagungsbericht 9204 Proc DGMK Conference, Selective Oxidation in Petrochemistry, p. 161 (eds M. Baerns and I. Weitkamp), Goslar, 1992; US Patent 3 646 130, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  130. M. Bonchio, V. Conte, F. Di Furia and G. Modena, J. Mol. Catal., 1991, 70, 159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. R. Oda, Kagaku (Kyoto) 1986, 41(11), 760.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. C. Venturello and M. Ricci, J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51(9), 1599.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. A. Johnstone, P.J. Middleton, W.R. Sanderson, M. Service and P.R. Harrison in New Developments in Selective Oxidation II, p. 609 (eds V. Cortés Corberán and S. Vie Bellen), 1994, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  134. H. Furukawa et al., Chem. Letters, 1988, 5, 877; German Patent 3 610 718, Ind. Sci. Tech.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. Y. Ishii et al., J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53(15), 3587.

    Google Scholar 

  136. M. Inoue et al., Chem. Letters, 1989, 1, 99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Japanese Patent 02/83 370, Daiso Co; European Patents 331 899 and 388 619, Amer. Cyanamid.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Japanese Patent 61/212 563, Yamamoto Kagaku Gosei; European Patent 135 328, Appleton Paper; Japanese Patents 03/157 371 and 03/271 275, Daiso Co.

    Google Scholar 

  139. European Patent 259 687, Amer. Cyanamid.

    Google Scholar 

  140. B.M. Trost and Y. Masuyama, Tetrahedron Lett., 1984, 25, 173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. B.M. Trost and Y. Masuyama, Israel J. Chem., 1984, 24, 134.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. O. Bortolini, V. Conte, F. Di Furia and G. Modena, J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51, 2661.

    Google Scholar 

  143. O. Bortolini, V. Conte, F. Di Furia and G. Modena, Stud. Org. Chem. (Amsterdam), 1988, 33, 301.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. European Patent 232 742, 1st Donegani; Y. Ishii, K. Yamawaki, T. Ura, H. Yamada, N. Nishihara, T. Oshida and M. Ogawa, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53, 3587; European Patent 232 742, 1st Donegani.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Y. Ishii, K. Yamawaki, T. Ura, H. Yamada, N. Nishihara, T. Oshida and M. Ogawa, Stud. Org. Chem. (Amsterdam), 1988, 33, 325.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. World Patent 94/21 583, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  147. S.E. Jacobsen, D.A. Muccigrosso and F. Mares, J. Org. Chem., 1979, 44, 921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. C.A. Lobry de Bruyn, Ber., 1893, 26, 268.

    Google Scholar 

  149. N. Venkatasubramanian and V. Thiagar-ajan, Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, 26, 268.

    Google Scholar 

  150. N. Venkatasubramanian and V. Thiagarajan, Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, 14, 1711.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  151. C.G. Swain, R.A. Wiles and R.F.W. Bader, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1961, 83, 1945.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. J. Dakka and Y. Sasson, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1988, 4, 756.

    Google Scholar 

  153. European Patents 102 655 and 326 470, Hoechst.

    Google Scholar 

  154. European Patent 260 054, Solway Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  155. T. Morimoto, M. Hirano, H. Ashiya, H. Egashira and X. Zhuang, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1987, 60, 4143.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. T. Morimoto, M. Hirano, M. Wachi and T. Murakami, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. II, 1984, 1949.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  158. C.C. Lee, A.J. Cessna and M.K. Frost, Can. J. Chem., 1965, 43, 2924.

    Google Scholar 

  159. J.H. Merz and W.A. Waters, J. Chem. Soc., 1949, 515.

    Google Scholar 

  160. P.L. Anelli, C. Bim, F. Montanari and S. Quici, J. Org. Chem., 1987, 52, 2559.

    Google Scholar 

  161. A.E.J. de Nooy, A.C. Besemer and H. van Bekkum, Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1994, 113, 165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  162. E.G. Rozantzar and M.B. Neiman, Tetrahedron, 1964, 20, 131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  163. B. Ganeo, J. Org. Chem., 1975, 40, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  164. E.g. S. Murahashi and T. Shiota, Tetrahedron Lett., 1987, 28(21), 2383.

    Google Scholar 

  165. R. Criegee, Liebigs Annalen, 1948, 560, 127.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. A.G. Davies, Organic Peroxides, p. 70, Butterworth, London 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  167. O.L. Mageli and C.S. Sheppard in Organic Peroxides (ed. D. Swern), Vol. 1 p. 25, John Wiley, New York 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  168. R. Hiatt, Organic Peroxides (ed. D. Swern), Vol. 2 p. 36.

    Google Scholar 

  169. C.H. Hassall, Org. Reactions, 1957, 9, 73.

    Google Scholar 

  170. A.V. Wacek and A.V. Bezard, Ber., 1941, 74, 845.

    Google Scholar 

  171. J. D’Ans and A. Kriep, Ber., 1915, 48, 1136.

    Google Scholar 

  172. A. Nishikara and I. Kubata, J. Org. Chem., 1968, 33, 2525.

    Google Scholar 

  173. A. Dobrowsky, Monatsh Chem., 1955, 86, 325.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  175. UK Patent 2 188 927, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  176. H.D. Dakin, Org. Synth. Coll., 1941, 1, 149.

    Google Scholar 

  177. A. McKillop and D. Kemp, Tetrahedron, 1989, 45, 3299; World Patent 90/9 975, Interox Chemicals.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. A. McKillop and W.R. Sanderson, Tetrahedron Reports, submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  179. B.M. Trost and Y. Masuyama, Tetrahedron Lett., 1984, 25, 173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. O. Bortolini, V. Conte, F. Di Furia and G. Modena, J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51, 2661.

    Google Scholar 

  181. German Patents 1 593 416, 1 643 146, Kuhlmann.

    Google Scholar 

  182. C.H. Hassall, Org. Reactions, 1957, 9, 73.

    Google Scholar 

  183. B.D. Mookherjee, R.W. Trenkle and R.R. Patel, J. Org. Chem., 1972, 37, 3846; UK Patent 1 335 930, IFF.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. A.V. Bäyer and V. Villiger, Ber., 1899, 32, 3625.

    Google Scholar 

  185. E.g. 4,4’-Difluorobenzophenone, Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  186. A. McKillop and J.A. Tarbin, Tetrahedron, 1987, 43, 1753.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. M. Hudlicky, Chem. Listy, 1952, 45, 380.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. J.D. McClure and P.H. Williams, J. Org. Chem., 1962, 27, 24; US Patent 4 353 832, Interox.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. US Patent 4 870 192, Mobil Oil.

    Google Scholar 

  190. World Patent 94/21 624, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  191. E.g. German Patent 2 658 545, Rhône Poulenc.

    Google Scholar 

  192. European Patent 200 260, Enichem Sintesi (plant at Ravenna, Italy); German Patents 3 135 559, 3 309 669, Anic.

    Google Scholar 

  193. A. Johnstone, P.J. Middleton, R.C. Wasson, R.A.W. Johnstone, P.J.C. Pires and G.O. Rocha in The Activation of Dioxygen and Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidation, p. 45 (eds D.H.R. Barton et al.), Plenum Press, New York 1993; World Patents 92/18 449, 94/ 14 740, Solvay Interox.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  194. US Patent 4 588 845, FMC Corp.

    Google Scholar 

  195. S.W. Brown, A. Hackett, A. Johnstone, A.M. King, K.M. Reeve, W.R. Sanderson and M. Service, Tagungsbericht 9204 Proc DGMK Conference, Selective Oxidation in Petrochemistry, p. 339 (eds M. Baerns and I. Weitkamp), Goslar 1992; World Patent 92/ 14 691, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  196. W. Partenheimer in Catalysis of Organic Reactions, ch. 10, p. 321;, 1990 and loc cit.

    Google Scholar 

  197. European Patent 334 511 and World Patent 94/00 407, Solvay Interox; S.L. Wilson, Performance Chemicals, 1993, Oct/Nov, 39.

    Google Scholar 

  198. European Patent 336 057, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  199. European Patent 336 568, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  200. Solvay Interox, unpublished information.

    Google Scholar 

  201. European Patents 334 511 and 336 567, Interox Chemicals; French Patent 2 274 586, Ugine Kuhlmann.

    Google Scholar 

  202. World Patent 93/00 319, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  203. Solvay Interox, unpublished information.

    Google Scholar 

  204. International Patent Application PCT/GB 94/02 080, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  205. UK Patent 2 192 632, Kureha Kagaku.

    Google Scholar 

  206. A.C. Cope and E. Ciganek, Org. Syn. Coll. Vol. IV, 1963, 612.

    Google Scholar 

  207. A.A. Oswald and D.L. Guertin, J. Org. Chem., 1963, 28, 651.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. A. Pollak, B. Stanovnik and P.H. Towle, J. Org. Chem., 1970, 35, 2478.

    Google Scholar 

  209. K. Lindner, Tenside, 1964, 1, 112.

    Google Scholar 

  210. J.D. Sauer, Surfactant Sci. Ser., 1990, 34 (Cationic Surfactants), 275.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. B. Maisonneuve in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th Edn, Vol. 2, p. 387, John Wiley, New York 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  212. Hüls AG, German Patent 3 618 352; Lenzing AG, Austrian Patent 89/02 373; Texaco Chem. Co., US Patent 5 216 154.

    Google Scholar 

  213. B. Steiner, Czechoslovakian Patent 247 581;

    Google Scholar 

  214. V. Sasinkova, Czechoslovakian Patent 261 816.

    Google Scholar 

  215. Ethyl Corp, European Patents 307 184, 320 694; US Patent 4 942 260.

    Google Scholar 

  216. Ethyl Corp, US Patent 4 970 341l Atochem, French Patent 2 632 638; Interox America, European Patent 409 043.

    Google Scholar 

  217. Pennsalt Corp, US Patent 3 274 252; Nisso Maurzen, Japanese Patent 02/217 321.

    Google Scholar 

  218. A.R. Katritzky and J.M. Lagowski, Chemistry of the Heterocyclic N-Oxides, Ch. 2, p. 22, Academic Press, London 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  219. E. Ochiai and S. Zai-Ren, J. Pharm. Soc. Japan, 1945, 65, 73.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. R. Adams and S. Miyano, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1954, 76, 2785.

    Google Scholar 

  221. R. Tan and A. Taurins, Tetrahedron Lett., 1965, 2737.

    Google Scholar 

  222. H.S. Mosher, L. Turner and A. Carlsmith, Org. Synth., 1963, 4, 828.

    Google Scholar 

  223. R.F. Evans, M. van Ammers and H.J. den Hertog, Rec. Trav. Chim., 1959, 78, 408.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. D.E. O’Brien, C.C. Cheng and W. Pfleiderer, J. Med. Pharm. Chem., 1966, 9, 573.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  225. P. Brougham, M.S. Cooper, D.A. Cummerson, H. Heaney and N. Thompson, Synthesis, 1987, 11, 1015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  226. Koei Chem Ind, Japanese Patent 62/181 268, 01/224 365.

    Google Scholar 

  227. Sagami Chemical, Japanese Patent 62/263 164.

    Google Scholar 

  228. Montedison SpA, European Patent 201 934.

    Google Scholar 

  229. G.J. Robke and E.J. Behrman, J. Chem. Res. (S), 1993, 412; Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  230. G.B. Payne, J. Org. Chem., 1961, 26, 668.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Nippon Kayaku, Japanese Patent 02/124 872.

    Google Scholar 

  232. H. Yamanaka, S. Ogawa and T. Sakamoto, Heterocycles, 1981, 16(4), 573.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. H. Yama-naka, Heterocycles, 1990, 31(15), 923; Lacer SA, Spanish Patent 548 779; Farmos-Ythyma,

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Daicel Chem Ind, Japanese Patent 02/221 261.

    Google Scholar 

  235. Interox SA, European Patent 224 662.

    Google Scholar 

  236. P. Battioni, A. Thellend and D. Mansuy, submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  237. S. Wawzonak and J.V. Kempf, Org. Prep. Proced. Int., 1972, 4(3), 135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  238. K. Wang, Hecheng Xiangjiao Gongye, 1985, 8(6), 408; Ciba-Geigy Corp, US Patent 5 013 510; Ciba-Geigy AG, European Patent 289 596.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  239. Interox SA, European Patent 233 622.

    Google Scholar 

  240. S. Wawzonak and J.V. Kempf, Org. Prep. Proced. Int., 1972, 4(3), 135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  241. Montedipe SpA, European Patent 314 147, US Patent 4 918 194.

    Google Scholar 

  242. Univ. of Missouri, US Patent 5 087 752.

    Google Scholar 

  243. S. Murahashi et al., J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1984, 874

    Google Scholar 

  244. S. Murahashi et al., J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55(6), 1736.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  245. S. Murahashi and T. Shiota, Tetrahedron Lett., 1987, 28(21), 2383; Osaka Univ., Japanese Patent 90/044 830.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. E. Breuer in The Chemistry of Amino, Nitroso and Nitro Compounds and their Derivatives (ed. S. Patai), p. 459, John Wiley, New York 1982.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  247. E.G. Rozanstev and V.D. Sholle, Synthesis, 1971, 190; Z.G. Popova, Soviet Patent 1 583 415; also ref. 46.

    Google Scholar 

  248. S. Murahashi et al., J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55(6), 1744.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  249. R.W. White and W.D. Emmons, Tetrahedron, 1962, 17, 31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  250. W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 5528.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 4623.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  252. W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1954, 76, 3470.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. A. McKillop and J.A. Tarbin, Tetrahedron, 1987, 43(8), 1753.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  254. K.M. Ibne-Rasa and W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1962, 84, 763.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. J.E. Fernandez and M.L. Schwartz, J. Chem. and Eng. Data, 1970, 15(3), 462.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  256. F.B. Mallory, K.E. Schueller and C.S. Rodd, J. Org. Chem., 1961, 26, 3312.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  257. S.M. Mehta and M.V. Vakiwala, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 563.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. J.N. Brough and B. Lythgoe, J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 4069.

    Google Scholar 

  259. W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 5528.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  260. R.W. Murray, R. Jeyaraman and L. Mohan, Tetrahedron Lett., 1986, 27(21), 2335.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  261. J.K. Crandall and T. Reix, J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57(25), 6759.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. D.L. Zabrowski, A.E. Moorman and K.R. Beck, Tetrahedron Lett., 1988, 29(36), 4501.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. W.W. Zajac et al., Tetrahedron Lett., 1989, 30(47), 6495.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  264. W.W. Zajac et al., Synthesis, 1988, 808.

    Google Scholar 

  265. Inventa AG, British Patent 706 160; K. Kahr, Angew. Chem., 1960, 72, 135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  266. K. Kahr, Ber., 1960, 93, 132.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  267. H. Hayashi, Catal. Rev. — Sci. Eng., 1990, 32(3), 229.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  268. J.-P. Schirmann in Ullmann’s Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edn, Vol. A13, p. 177, VCH, Weinheim 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  269. PG Ugine Kuhlmann, US Patent 3 972 878; Atrochem, European Patent 399 866; J.P. Schirmann and F. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 1972, 635.

    Google Scholar 

  270. J. Ritz, H. Fuchs and H.G. Perryman in Ullmann’s Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edn, Vol. A13, p. 527, VCH, Weinheim 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  271. Bayer AG, British Patent 1 177 495; Toa Gosei, Japanese Patents 72/17 308, 69/ 26 858, 26 859

    Google Scholar 

  272. S. Tsuda, Chem. Econ. Eng. Rev., 1970, 2(12), 39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  273. Montedipe SpA, European Patents 208 311, 267 362, 299 430, 384 390; Enichem Anic SpA, European Patents 496 385, 564 040

    Google Scholar 

  274. P. Roma et al., Chim. Ind. (Milan), 1990, 72(7), 598.

    Google Scholar 

  275. Chemical Marketing Reporter, 27 June 1994, p. 9.

    Google Scholar 

  276. Enichem, European Patent 522 634; Enichem Anic SRL, European Patent 564 040; Montedipe SpA, European Patent 314 147.

    Google Scholar 

  277. Houben-Weyl, 1967, XIV/1, 220, X/2, 764.

    Google Scholar 

  278. Eiwa, British Patent 1 410 446; V. Macho, Czechoslovakian Patent 232 350; Combinatul Chimic, Romanian Patents 89 763, 90 607, 90 608, 91 258.

    Google Scholar 

  279. Du Pont, European Patent 541 333; Monsanto, US Patents 5 023 369, 5 061 820, 5 072 033.

    Google Scholar 

  280. Monsanto Co, US Patents 5 043 475, 5 095 140, 5 077 430.

    Google Scholar 

  281. K. Kloc et al., Synthesis, 1987, 1084.

    Google Scholar 

  282. W.D. Emmons, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 5739.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  283. D.R. Boyd, P.B. Coulter and N.D. Sharma, Tetrahedron Lett., 1985, 26(13), 1673.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  284. F.A. Davis, N.F. Abdul-Malik, S.B. Awad and M.E. Harakal, Tetrahedron Lett., 1981, 22, 917.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  285. F.A. Davis, R.T. Reddy, W. Han and P.J. Carroll, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114(4), 1428.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  286. V. Meladinis, R. Herrmann and O. Stiegelmann, Z. Naturforsch., 1989, 44(11), 1453.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  287. J. Bjørgo, D.R. Boyd, R.M. Campbell, N.J. Thompson and W.B. Jennings, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. II, 1976, 606.

    Google Scholar 

  288. F.A. Davis, J. Lamendola, U. Nadir et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1980, 102(6), 2000.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  289. D.R. Boyd, W.B. Jennings, R.M. McGuckin, M. Rutherford and B.M. Saket, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1985, 582.

    Google Scholar 

  290. D. Enders and A. Plant, Synlett., 1990, 12, 725.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  291. D. Enders and V. Bhushan, Z. Naturforsch. B: Chem. Sci., 1987, 42(12), 1595.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  292. D.A. Poak and T.I. Watkins, J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 445.

    Google Scholar 

  293. W.E. Parham and M.D. Bhavsar, J. Org. Chem., 1963, 28, 2686.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. D.A. Tarbell and C. Weaver, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1941, 63, 2939.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  295. D.E. O’Connor and W.I. Lyness, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1964, 86, 3840.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  296. T.B. Douglas, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1072.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  297. D. Barnard, L. Bateman and J.I. Cuneen in Organic Sulphur Compounds, Vol. 1 (ed. N. Kharasch), Pergamon Press, New York 1961, pp. 229–247.

    Google Scholar 

  298. E.g. US Patents 2 952 700, 2 963 505, Bayer AG; US Patent 2 486 445, Boyce Thompson Institute; World Patent 92/286, Cird Galderma; Japanese Patent 05/202 015, Suntory Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  299. US Patent 3 042 703, Bayer AG.

    Google Scholar 

  300. Y. Ogata and K. Tanaka, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 848.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  301. H.S. Schultz, H.B. Freyermuth and S.R. Buc, J. Org. Chem., 1963, 28, 1140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. H.J. Reich, F. Chow and S.L. Peake, Synthesis, 1978, 299.

    Google Scholar 

  303. C.G. Overberger and R.W. Cummins, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 4250.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  304. R. Curci, R.A. Di Prete, J.O. Edwards and G. Modena, J. Org. Chem., 1970, 35, 740.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  305. A. McKillop, Tetrahedron Lett., 1983, 24(14), 1505.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  306. A. McKillop, and D. Kemp, Tetrahedron, 1989, 45(11), 3299.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  307. W. Khou, L. Zhang, X. Xu and Z. Zhang, Unji Huaxue Xuebao, 1984, 6(1), 83.

    Google Scholar 

  308. Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othmer, Wiley Interscience 1978, Vol. 2, p. 883

    Google Scholar 

  309. A. Mangia, Synthesis, 1978, 361.

    Google Scholar 

  310. N. Komatsu et al., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58(17), 4529.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  311. N. Komatsu et al., Tetrahedron Lett., 1992, 33(37), 5391.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  312. S. Shinkai, T. Yamaguchi, O. Manabe and F. Toda, J. Chem. Soc Chem. Commun., 1988, 1399.

    Google Scholar 

  313. V. Conte, F. Di Furia, G. Licini and G. Modena, Tetrahedron Lett., 1989, 30(36), 4859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  314. F. Di Furia, G. Licini and G. Modena, Gazz. Chem. Ital., 1990, 120(3), 165.

    Google Scholar 

  315. P.C. Bulman Page and E.S. Namwindwa, Synlett., 1991, 80.

    Google Scholar 

  316. O. Hinsberg, Ber., 1908, 41, 2836.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  317. O. Hinsberg, Ber., 1910, 43, 289. W.M. Lister and L.E. Sutton.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  318. G. Keilen, T. Benneche, K. Gaare and K. Undheim, Acta Chem. Scand., 1992, 46(9), 867.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. E.g. Japanese Patent 06/041 054, Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd.; Japanese Patent 05/239 015, Sumitomo Seika Chem. Co. Ltd.; European Patent 528 211, Bayer AG.

    Google Scholar 

  320. Japanese Patent 05/230 712, Toray Industries Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  321. A. Leblanc, L. Fosset, G. Magnaud, G. Delmas, M. Desgranges, H. Sentenac-Roumanou, C. Lion, C. Charvy and A. Mohri, Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem., 1993, 79(1–4), 141.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  322. A. Schoberl, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1933, 507, 111.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  323. A. Schoberl, Ber. Deutsch, Chem. Ges., 1932, 65, 1224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  324. E.g. German Patent 2 725 166, Goodyear Tire Co.

    Google Scholar 

  325. E.g. European Patent 112 794, Goodyear Tire Co.

    Google Scholar 

  326. E.g. Belgian Patent 895 908, Akzo NV.

    Google Scholar 

  327. US Patents 2 415 851, 2 415 852, Phillips Petroleum Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  328. US Patent 2 509 453, Vanderbilt Co.

    Google Scholar 

  329. Swiss Patent 200 248, Roche AG.

    Google Scholar 

  330. R.M. Hann, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 2166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  331. H.J. Backer, Rec. Trav. Chim., 1935, 54, 205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  332. H. Nawa, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1960, 82, 896

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  333. J.S. Showell, J.R. Russell, D. Swern, J. Org. Chem., 1962, 27, 2853.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  334. European Patent 221 689, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  335. German Patent 604 016, Schoberl.

    Google Scholar 

  336. French Patent 2 616 786, Interox SA.

    Google Scholar 

  337. A. Schoberl, Ber., 1932, 65, 1224.

    Google Scholar 

  338. R.G. Makitra, O.I. Makogon and Y.N. Pirig, Org. Reactivity, 1987, 24(1), 24.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  339. F. Freeman, Chem. Rev., 1984, 84, 117.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  340. F. Freeman and C.N. Angeletakis, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 6232.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  341. F. Freeman and C.N. Angeletakis, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1981, 105, 4039.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  342. F. Freeman and C.N. Angeletakis, J. Org. Chem., 1985, 50, 793.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  343. M.M. Chau and J.L. Kice, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 7711.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  344. E. Block and J. O’Connor, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 3921.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  345. P. Allen and J.W. Brook, J. Org. Chem., 1962, 27, 1019.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  346. E.g. UK Patent 655 668, Monsanto; Belgian Patent 883 703, Pennwalt.

    Google Scholar 

  347. O. Maass and P.G. Heibert, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1924, 46, 290.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  348. R. Johnson and K.M. Reeve, Speciality Chemicals, 1992, (Sept/Oct), 292.

    Google Scholar 

  349. German Patent 2 855 184, Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH.

    Google Scholar 

  350. German Patent 3 133 577, Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH.

    Google Scholar 

  351. T.L. Ho, G.A. Olah et al., Synthesis, 1977, 10, 676–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  352. German Patent 2 110 210, Uniroyal.

    Google Scholar 

  353. US Patent 4 284 723, Cetus Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  354. E. Speyer and H. Rosenfeld, Chem. Ber., 1925, 58,1110.

    Google Scholar 

  355. A. Zinke et al., Chem. Ber., 1927, 60, 577.

    Google Scholar 

  356. E.g. USSR Patent 819 083, Gusejnov.

    Google Scholar 

  357. D.K. Abdullaev and O.M. Mamedova, Issled. Obl. Sint. Polim. Monomernykh Prod., 1977, 23–6

    Google Scholar 

  358. M.S. Salakhov et al., Petroleum Chemistry (USSR), 1974, 14(3), 113.

    Google Scholar 

  359. German Patent 2 227 439, Degussa AG.

    Google Scholar 

  360. M.M. Guseilov et al., Sov. Chem. Ind., 1979, 799.

    Google Scholar 

  361. H. Lubbecke and P. Boldt, Tetrahedron, 1978, 34, 1577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  362. H. Lubbecke and P. Boldt, Angew. Chem., 1976, 88, 641; German Patent 2 852 645, Chemische Fabrik Kalk; German Patent 2 645 114, P. Boldt.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  363. Japanese Patent 56/131 535, Kawaguchi Seiyaku Yakuhin; Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  364. German Patent 2 460 361, Merck GmbH.

    Google Scholar 

  365. A. Leulier and L. Pinet, Bull Soc Chim. France, 1927, 41, 1362.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  366. E.g. P.T. Perumal and M.V. Bhatt, Tetrahedron Lett., 1979, 3099.

    Google Scholar 

  367. A. Leulier and H. Arnoux, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1930, 47, 730.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  368. British Patent 1 399 065, Degussa AG.

    Google Scholar 

  369. A. Leulier and L. Pinet, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1927, 41, 1362.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  370. A.M. Islam, E.A. Hassa, I.B. Hannaut and M.Y. Maurad, J. Chem. UAR, 1970, 13, 297.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  371. German Patents 2 227 439, 2 601 681, Degussa AG; French Patent 2 274 586, Ugine Kuhlmann SA; German Patent 2 828 220, Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH.

    Google Scholar 

  372. Japanese Patent 57/64 646, Sanwa KK.

    Google Scholar 

  373. A. Leulier and L. Pinet, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1927, 41, 1362.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  374. Weygand/Hilgetag Preparative Organic Chemistry (eds G. Hilgetag and A. Martini), 1973, Wiley Interscience, Chichester, UK. pp. 152, 155, 165–169.

    Google Scholar 

  375. E.g. USSR Patent 609 749.

    Google Scholar 

  376. I.E. Marsh, J. Chem. Soc., 1927, 3164.

    Google Scholar 

  377. Czechoslovakian Patent 136 315, Ulrich and Kucera.

    Google Scholar 

  378. German Patent 2 535 102, Nippon KK.

    Google Scholar 

  379. A. Triebs and H.G. Kolm, Ann., 1958, 614, 187.

    Google Scholar 

  380. F.M. Saidora and Y.A. Shmyrina, Tr. Samarkand Univ., 1972, 206, 197.

    Google Scholar 

  381. East German Patent 149 859, VEB Apogepha.

    Google Scholar 

  382. T. Fujita and J.M. Price, J. Org. Chem., 1968, 33, 3004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  383. USSR Patent 433 146, A. Cerulis et al.

    Google Scholar 

  384. L.D. Smirnov et al., Bull Acad. Sci. USSR, 1971, 400.

    Google Scholar 

  385. US Patent 2 707 195, Witco; US Patent 2 767 207, Sun Oil.

    Google Scholar 

  386. US Patent 2 744 054, Shell; Japanese Patent 77/112 609, Aist.

    Google Scholar 

  387. V.P. Tutbalina, Khim. Tekhnol. Kererato Nefti Gaza, 1985, 14.

    Google Scholar 

  388. US Patent 3 647 683, LVS Kelly.

    Google Scholar 

  389. European Patent 565 324, T Aida.

    Google Scholar 

  390. Japanese Patent 67/016 443, Nippon Steel Chem.

    Google Scholar 

  391. Canadian Patent 592 836, Hercule.

    Google Scholar 

  392. UK Patent 749 098, Courtaulds.

    Google Scholar 

  393. European Patent 217 191, Hoechst; World Patent 92/03 403, Eastman.

    Google Scholar 

  394. European Patent 131 913, Hoechst; German Patent 617 770, Henkel; US Patent 2 874 061, Monsanto.

    Google Scholar 

  395. US Patent 2 804 466, Colgate Palmolive.

    Google Scholar 

  396. German Patent 2 647 523, Henkel.

    Google Scholar 

  397. US Patent 3 585 116, Procter & Gamble.

    Google Scholar 

  398. European Patent 362 671 and German Patent 4 019 175, Henkel; Japanese Patent 02/264 789, Kao Corp.

    Google Scholar 

  399. French Patent 1 140 064, Pechiney.

    Google Scholar 

  400. East German Patent 261 792, VEB C Zeiss.

    Google Scholar 

  401. US Patent 3 833 550, Celanese.

    Google Scholar 

  402. Japanese Patent 79/50 088, VBE Ind.

    Google Scholar 

  403. Japanese Patent 77/129 690, Suwa Seiko.

    Google Scholar 

  404. Czechoslovak Patent 246 781, J. Pendl.

    Google Scholar 

  405. French Patent 1 093 406, Montecatini; Japanese Patent 64/5427, Fuji Sugar.

    Google Scholar 

  406. Canadian Patent 567 125, Rohm & Haas.

    Google Scholar 

  407. Japanese Patent 66/16 099, S. Kataoka; Japanese Patent 74/54 554, M. Irita.

    Google Scholar 

  408. Czechoslovak Patent 138 902, K. Heidler; German Patent 1 467 495, AB Separator.

    Google Scholar 

  409. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  410. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  411. S. Tachibana, Mukuzai Gakkaishi, 1984, 30(2), 185

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  412. European Patent 460 745, Enichem Synth.; US Patent 4 257 986, Air Products.

    Google Scholar 

  413. R. Dixon and J. Allen in Advances in Petroleum Chemistry and Refining, Vol. 3 ch. 6, Wiley Interscience, New York 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  414. Japanese Patent 57/166 303, Mitsui Toatsu.

    Google Scholar 

  415. UK Patent 1 309 086, Fisons.

    Google Scholar 

  416. Chinese Patent 87.103 625, Zhangjiaba Salt.

    Google Scholar 

  417. French Patent 1 549 125, Georgia Kaolin; US Patent 3 589 922, Engelhard.

    Google Scholar 

  418. UK Patent 2 173 180, Georgia Kaolin.

    Google Scholar 

  419. UK Patent 2 103 197, Peroxid Chemie; European Patent 483 902, Eka Nobel.

    Google Scholar 

  420. US Patent 4 225 564, UOP.

    Google Scholar 

  421. Japanese Patent 03/008 711, Toyota Cent.

    Google Scholar 

  422. R.E. Connick, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1947, 69, 1509.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  423. A.M. Held, D.J. Halko and J.K. Hurst, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100(18), 5732.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  424. F.J. Miller, A. Le Fernere, M. Fernandez, S. Hubinger and J.P. Hershey, Environ. Sci. Technol., 1989, 23(2), 209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  425. M.R. Hoffmann, Environ. Sci. Technol., 1977, 11(1), 61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  426. R.A. Jolley and C.F. Forster, Environ. Technol. Letters, 1985, 6, 1.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  427. J.A.L. Fraser and A.F.E. Sims, IWPC Ann. Conf. 1982, Eastbourne, UK, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  428. J.P. Zumbrunn and E. Jordan-Laforte, Eau Industrie, 1981, 53, 49.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  429. A. McNeillie, Conf. Belg. Filtrat. Soc. Symp. Odours, Louvain La Neuve, 1984, 455.

    Google Scholar 

  430. S.R. Lindstrom, Pollut. Engineering, 1975, 10, 40.

    Google Scholar 

  431. J.A. Shepherd and M.F. Hobbs, Wat. Sew. Works, 1973, 8, 67.

    Google Scholar 

  432. A.F.E. Sims, Prog. Wat. Techn., 1980, 12(5), 609.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  433. G. De Vriendt, Eau Industrie, 1981, 60, 47.

    Google Scholar 

  434. US Patent 4 211 680, Goodyear Tire and Rubber.

    Google Scholar 

  435. US Patent 4 443 342, Solvay.

    Google Scholar 

  436. European Patent 221 689, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  437. M.R. Hoffmann and J.O. Edwards, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79, 2096.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  438. J.V. McArdle and M.R. Hoffmann, J. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 5425.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  439. M.A. Joslyn and J.B.S. Braverman, Adv. Food. Res., 1954, 5, 97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  440. J.D. Dzeziak, Food Technol., 1986, 40, 105.

    Google Scholar 

  441. European Patent 166 557, Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  442. E.A. Shilov, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1953, 27, 1103.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  443. J.E. Kuznetsov, S.N. Ganz and N.P. Shoak, Khim. Tekh., 1968, 12, 77.

    Google Scholar 

  444. K.K. Baveja, D. Subba Rao and M.K. Sarkar, J. Chem. Engin. Japan, 1978, 322.

    Google Scholar 

  445. A.F. Il’chenko et al., Izv. Vuzov Khimiya Khim. Tekh., 1983, 26(7), 835.

    Google Scholar 

  446. D. Gray, E. Lissi and J. Heicklen, J. Phys. Chem., 1972, 76, 1919.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  447. Solvay Interox, unpublished data.

    Google Scholar 

  448. M.J. Buck, J.A. Clucas, C.F. McDonogh and S.E. Woods, Proc. 1st Internat. Symp., Chem. Oxidn. Technol. for the Nineties, Nashville 1991, p. 78, Technomic Publishers; US Patent 3 945 865, Dart Envir Serv Co.

    Google Scholar 

  449. R. Gierzatowicz, L. Pawlowski and E. Smulkowska, Effl. Wat. Treat. J., 1986, 26.

    Google Scholar 

  450. O. Masson, J. Chem. Soc., 1907, 91, 1449.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  451. E.g. UK Patent 1 318 164, Ugilor.

    Google Scholar 

  452. C. Henry and J.C. Boeglin, Tribune du CEBEDEAU 1971, 331–332.

    Google Scholar 

  453. R. Gierzatowicz, L. Pawlowski and E. Smulkowska, Effl. Wat. Treat. J., 1985, 426.

    Google Scholar 

  454. J.-P. Zumbrunn, Chim. Ind., 1971, 104(20), 2573.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  455. E.g. US Patent 3 510 424, L’Air Liquide.

    Google Scholar 

  456. A.F.E. Sims, Effl. Wat. Treat. J., 1981, 21(3), 109.

    Google Scholar 

  457. H.R. Eisenhauer, J. Wat. Pollut. Contr. Fed., 1964, 36(9), 1116.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  458. AR. Bowers, P. Gaddipati, W.W. Eckenfelder Jr. and R.M. Monsen, Wat. Sci. Tech., Vol. 21 p. 477, Brighton 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  459. S. Goldstein, D. Meyerstein and G. Czapski, Free Radical Biol, and Medicine, 1993, 15, 435.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  460. Sovay Interox, unpublished information.

    Google Scholar 

  461. World Patent 94/22 772, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  462. S.R. Cater, K.G. Bircher, R.D.S. Stevens and A.S. Amiri, Wat. Pollut. Res. J. Can., 1992, 27(1), 151

    Google Scholar 

  463. J.A. Buckley, P.M. Brown, S.R. Cater, C.V. Luang, D.W. Reed, R.D.S. Stevens and L.S. Tremblay, Internat. Conf. Physicochem. Biol. Detoxif. Hazard Wastes, 1988, 1, 369;  US Patent 5 266 214, Solarchem Env. Syst.

    Google Scholar 

  464. see also G. Ruppert, R. Bauer, G. Heisler and S. Novalic, Chemosphere, 1992, 27(8), 1339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  465. G. Ruppert, R. Bauer, G. Heisler and S. Novalic, Chemosphere, 1993, 28(8), 1447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  466. M. Borup et al., Wat. Sci. Technol., 1986, 19(3–4), 381.

    Google Scholar 

  467. D.W. Sundstrom, B.A. Weir, T.A. Barber and H.E. Klei, Wat. Pollut. Res. J. Can., 1992, 27(1), 57.

    Google Scholar 

  468. E.M. Froelich, Wat. Pollut. Res. J. Can., 1992, 27(1), 169.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  469. S.J. Masten and S.H.R. Davies, Environ. Sci. Technol., 1994, 28(4), 180A

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  470. R. Brunet, M.M. Bourbigot and M. Dore, Ozone Sci. Engin., 1984, 6, 163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  471. J.P. Duguet, A. Bruchet and J. Mallevialle, Water Supply, 1989, 7, 115.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  472. D.W. Ferguson, M.J. McGuire, B. Koch, R.L. Wolfe and E.M. Aieta, J. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 1990, April 181.

    Google Scholar 

  473. E.g. D.L. Sedlak and A.W. Andren, Environ. Sei. Technol., 1991, 25(4), 777.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  474. M.J. McGuire and M.K. Davis, Water, 1988, May, 42

    Google Scholar 

  475. E.M. Aieta, K.M. Reagan, J.S. Lang, L. McReynolds, J.W. Kang and W.H. Glaze, J. Amer. Wat. Works Assoc., 1988, May, 64.

    Google Scholar 

  476. W.G. Kuo, Water Res., 1992, 26(7), 881.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  477. C.R. Huang, Y.K. Lin and H.Y. Shu, Amer. Dyestuff Reporter, 1994, Oct, 15

    Google Scholar 

  478. M. Pittroff and K.H. Gregor, Melliand English, 1992, E244.

    Google Scholar 

  479. K.H. Gregor, Melliand English, 1990, E435.

    Google Scholar 

  480. A.R. Sanger, T.T.K. Lee and K.T. Chuang, Progr. Catal., 1992, 197.

    Google Scholar 

  481. H. Debellefontaine, P. Striolo, M. Chakchouk, J.N. Foussard and J. Besombes-Vailhes, Rev. Sciences Eau, 1992, 5(4), 555

    Google Scholar 

  482. P. Striolo, J.L. Pech and H. Debellefontaine, 1st Internat. Conf. Advanc. Oxid. Technol. Wat. Air Remed., Ontario, 1994, 184.

    Google Scholar 

  483. C.A. Cole, L.D. Ochs and F.C. Funnel, J. Wat. Pollut. Contr. Fed., 1974, 46(11), 2579.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  484. J. Houtmeyers, R. Poffe and J. Verachten, Europ. J. Appl. Microbiol., 1977, 4, 295.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  485. E.g. spillage of molasses into Bidston dock, Birkenhead in autumn 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  486. Pulp and Paper Manufacture, Vol. 2: Mechanical pulping, jointly published by TAPPI and CPPA.

    Google Scholar 

  487. Pulp and Paper Manufacture, Vol. 5: Alkaline pulping, jointly published by TAPPI and CPPA.

    Google Scholar 

  488. Pulp and Paper Manufacture, Vol. 3: Secondary fibres and non-wood pulping, jointly published by TAPPI and CPPA.

    Google Scholar 

  489. The Bleaching of Pulp, 3rd edn (ed. R.P. Singh), TAPPI Press 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  490. Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk Othmer, 4th edn, vol. 4, pp. 293, 301, Wiley Interscience 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  491. K.P. Kringstad, L. Johansson, M.C. Kolar and F. de Sousa, TAPPI Journal, June 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  492. WhyTCF, Report by Jaakko Pöyry Consulting, October 1993, Helsinki and Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  493. G. Gellerstedt and I. Petterson, J. Wood Chem. Technol., 1982, 2(3), 231.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  494. J. Basta et al., Internat. Pulp Bleaching Conf. Proc., 1991, 3, 23

    Google Scholar 

  495. H. Fastén, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf., Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  496. H.U. Süss and N.F. Nimmerfroh, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf., N.A. Troughton, F. Desprez and J. Devenyns, Bienn Worksh. on Emerging Pulping and Bleaching Technol., NCSU, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  497. P. Tibbling and B. Dillner, 25th EUCEPA Conference, Vienna, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  498. P.M. Gottlieb, S.R. Miller, W.E. Nutt and T. Macas, TAPPI Pulping Conf., Atlanta, Georgia 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  499. H. Dahllöf, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf. Proc., Amelia Island, Florida, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  500. J.L. Minor and E.L. Springer, TAPPI Conf Proc., Wood and Pulping CHem., 1989, p. 133.

    Google Scholar 

  501. J.L. Minor and E.L. Springer, Paperi ja Puu, 1990, 72, 967; US Patents 4 404 061 and 4 475 984, International Paper Co; US Patent 5 004 523, USA.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  502. N.A. Troughton, F. Desprez and J. Devenyns, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf. Proc., Amelia Island, Florida 1994

    Google Scholar 

  503. J. Devenyns, F. Desprez and N.A. Troughton, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf., Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 1993

    Google Scholar 

  504. R.T. Hill, P.B. Walsh and A.J. Hollie, TAPPI Pulp Conf Proc., 1992, p. 1219.

    Google Scholar 

  505. R.C. Seccombe, N.A. Troughton, R.T. Hill, M. Mârtens and Ari Haakana, Internat. Non-chlorine Bleach Conf. Proc., Amelia Island, Florida, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  506. C.L. Lee, R. Hogikyan, A. Skothos, G. Sacchiadis, J.T. Wearing et al., Internat. Pulp Bleach Conf., Vancouver, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  507. World Patent 94/18 386, Solvay Interox.

    Google Scholar 

  508. I.R. Weinstock and C.L. Hill, International Patent Application PCT/US93/08 068.

    Google Scholar 

  509. J. Loroesch, H. Knome, F. Mertz, S. Gos and H.J. Morais, Perth Gold 88, pp. 202–205, Rondol International Ltd., Golden, Colorado.

    Google Scholar 

  510. S.P. Ball, A.J. Monhemius and P.J. Wyborn, Precious Metals 89 (eds M.C. Jha and S.D. Hill), TMS of AIME, 1988, pp. 149–163.

    Google Scholar 

  511. J. Loroesch, H. Knome and A.J. Griffiths, SME Annual Meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  512. US Patent 4 537 628, Ontario Research Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  513. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  514. D.B. Mobbs, P. Groppi and D.M. Anderson, Second Congress, Cobalt Metallurgy and Uses, Venice, 1985, pp. 417–419, Cobalt Development Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  515. D.B. Mobbs and S.B. Magid, Recycle and Secondary Recovery of Metals (eds R.S. Taylor, H.Y. Sohn and N. Jarrett), TMS of AIME 1985 (Fort Lauderdale), pp. 291–311.

    Google Scholar 

  516. US Patent 4 950 425, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  517. S. African Pat 82/6573, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  518. A.R. Burkin, G.D. Manning and A.J. Monhemius, Proc. Symp. Hydrometallurgy, 1981, Paper B5, Soc. Chem. Ind., London.

    Google Scholar 

  519. R. Derry and R.G. Whittemore, AIME Ann. Meeting, New Orleans, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  520. E. Salkowsky, Chem. Zeit., 1916, 40, 448.

    Google Scholar 

  521. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  522. D.B. Mobbs and D.M. Mounsey, Trans. IMM Sec. C, 1981, 90, C103–C110.

    Google Scholar 

  523. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  524. A.R. Burkin, G.D. Manning and A.J. Monhemius, Proc Symp. Hydrometallurgy, 1981, Paper B5, Soc. Chem. Ind., London.

    Google Scholar 

  525. K.A. Chourgadjian, PhD Thesis, University of London, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  526. M. Martinon, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1885, 43(2), 355.

    Google Scholar 

  527. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  528. N. Papassiopi and M. Stefanakis, Arsenic Metallurgy Fundamentals and Applications (eds R.G. Reddy, J.L. Hendrix and P.B. Queneau), TMS Annual Meeting, 1988, pp. 321–333.

    Google Scholar 

  529. European Patent 213 214, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  530. European Patent 127 357, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  531. European Patent 127 357, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  532. G. Deschenes and E. Ghali, Hydrometallurgy, 1988, 20, 179–212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  533. G.C. Lucas, E.J. Fulton, F.E. Vautier, D.J. Waters and R.J. Ring, Proc. Australas. Inst. Min. Metals, 1983, 287, 27–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  534. R.H. Carlson, R.D. Norris and R. Schellinger, 4th Annual Uranium Seminar, 1980, pp. 149–155.

    Google Scholar 

  535. G. Nahon, Journal of the VOM, 1985, 8(3), 9–10.

    Google Scholar 

  536. US Patent 4 770 808.

    Google Scholar 

  537. French Utility Certificate 2 551 465, Ugine Guegnon.

    Google Scholar 

  538. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  539. World Patent 91/05 079, Interox Chemicals Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  540. M. Shabbir and K.E. Tame, Hydrogen Peroxide Precipitation of Uranium, USB Report #7931 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  541. D.B. Mobbs and S.B. Magid in Recycle and Secondary Recovery of Metals (eds R.S. Taylor, N.Y. Sohn and N. Jarrett) TMS of AIME 1985 (Fort Lauderdale), pp. 291–311; US Patents 4 784 687 and 4 784 688, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  542. D.M. Anderson and P.J. Wyborn in Recycling of Metalliferous Materials, IMM, Birmingham, 1990, pp. 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  543. E. Özensoy, PhD Thesis, University of London, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  544. US Patent 4 275 039, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  545. A.R. Burkin and A.J. Monhemius, Joint CIM Annual Conference and 8th Hydrometallurgy Meeting, Montreal 1978; Acid leaching of uranium ores using hydrogen peroxide and Caro’s acid.

    Google Scholar 

  546. European Patent 49 064, Interox Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  547. A.J. Mattus, S.B. Magid, M.F. Lopez and D.B. Mobbs, CIM Bulletin, 1985, 76(854), 102.

    Google Scholar 

  548. Solvay Interox, unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. W. R. Sanderson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, The University of York, Heslington, York, YO1 5DD, UK

    J. H. Clark (Professor of Chemistry) (Professor of Chemistry)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sanderson, W.R. (1995). Hydrogen peroxide in clean processes. In: Clark, J.H. (eds) Chemistry of Waste Minimization. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0623-8_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0623-8_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4273-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0623-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation