Hydrogeological Conditions in the Terai Plain of Rupandehi District, Lumbini Zone, Nepal with Special Emphasis on Groundwater Recharge

Abstract

Terai Plain along the foothill of Himalayas forms a potential zone for groundwater resource. It is generally believed that the confined aquifer system in the Terai Plain is recharged from the Bhabhar zone situated at the foot of the Siwalik (Churia) hills. This aspect is analysed from the fluid potential distribution of the confined aquifer system. The piezometric surface is found to be undulating both in north-south and east-west directions. The rise of pressure head in the southern part in comparison to the central part do not subscribe to the concept of a single recharge source on the north. Palaeochannels in the Terai Plain are found to be acting as recharge zones. The conventional method of groundwater recharge estimate from rainfall infiltration is not appropriate to the study area. The realistic approach would be the deferred perennial yield method taking into consideration the induced recharge from the present and palaeo-stream beds.