Abstract
It is a truism that a complete psychology of the person must involve an accounting of behavior, thought, and feeling. In more technical terms, a comprehensive psychology should describe how representational or cognitive processes interact with energy or motivational processes to produce behavior. But a balanced, integrative approach to the person seems absent from both basic research schools and applied practice fields. Academic schools tend to organize around either cognitive or motivational variables, while applied psychologists such as clinicians often blur the important distinctions between these types of variables. What promotes and inhibits theoretical integration in psychology?
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Balter, L., Lothane, Z., & Spencer, J.H. (1980). On the analyzing instrument. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 49, 474–504.
Berger, D.M. (1987). Clinical Empathy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
Bernstein, W.M. (1984). Denial and self defense. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 7, 423–457.
Bernstein, W.M., & Davis, M.H. (1982). Perspective-taking, self-consciousness, and accuracy in person perception. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 3, 1–19.
Bernstein, W.M., & Karousawa, K. (1983). Replication and Extension of Bernstein & Davis 1982. Unpublished Manuscript, Columbia University.
Bernstein, W.M., Maguire, T.V., Raskin, P.M., Ganzach, Y., & Thiry, C.P. (1988). Perspective-Taking Increases both Differential and Stereotypic Accuracy. Unpublished manuscript, Columbia University.
Bernstein, W.M., Stephan, W.G., & Davis, M.H. (1979). Explaining attributions for achievement: A path analytic approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1810–1821.
Brehm, J.W., Wright, R.A., Solomon, S., Silka, L., & Greenberg, J. (1983). Perceived difficulty, energization, and the magnitude of goal valence. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 21–48.
Davis, M.H. (1992). Empathy: A Social Psychological Approach. Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark.
Demos, V.E. (1992). The early organization of the psyche. In J. Barron, M. Eagle, & D. Wolitzky (Eds.), Interface of Psychoanalysis and Psychology. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117–140.
Festinger, L. (1957). A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Freud, S. (1900). The interpretation of dreams. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The Standard Edition (Vol. 1.) London: Hogarth Press.
Freud, S. (1922). Two encyclopedia articles. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The Standard Edition (Vol.18). London: Hogarth Press.
Freud, S. (1925). Negation. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The Standard Edition (Vol. 19). London: Hogarth Press.
Greenberg, J.R., & Mitchell, S.A. (1983). Object Relations in Psychoanalytic Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Jones, E.E., & Gerard, H.B. (1967). Foundations of Social Psychology. New York: Wiley.
Kelly, H.H. (1967). Attribution theory in social psychology. In D. Levine (Ed), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (Vol. 15). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
McClelland, D.C., Atkinson, J.W., Clark, R.A., & Lowell, E.L. (1953). The Achievement Motive. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Miller, D.T. & Ross, M. (1975). Self-serving biases in the attribution of causality: Fact or fiction? Psychological Bulletin, 82, 213–225.
Singer, J. A., & Singer, J.L. (1992). Transference in psychotherapy and daily life: Implications of current memory and social cognition research. In J. Barron, M. Eagle, and D. Wolitzky (Eds.). Interface of Psychoanalysis and Psychology. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Westen, D. (1991). Social cognition and object relations. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 3, 429–455.
Wink, P. (1994). Book review. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 11, 121–124.
Winson, J. (1992). The function of REM sleep and the meaning of dreams. In J. Barron, M. Eagle, & D. Wolitzky (Eds.), Interface of Psychoanalysis and Psychology. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Additional information
This chapter is dedicated to the memory of Irving Bernstein.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bernstein, W.M. (1995). On Integrating Cognitive and Motivational Explanations in Psychology. In: Oosterwegel, A., Wicklund, R.A. (eds) The Self in European and North American Culture: Development and Processes. NATO ASI Series, vol 84. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0331-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0331-2_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4146-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0331-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive