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Biosynthesis of Cyanobacterial Tetrapyrrole Pigments: Hemes, Chlorophylls, and Phycobilins

  • Chapter
The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis ((AIPH,volume 1))

Summary

Cyanobacteria are versatile tetrapyrrole synthesizers that are able to produce end products representing all major branches of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway: hemes, chlorophylls, phycobilins, and siroheme. Although tetrapyrrole biosynthesis has not been characterized as extensively in cyanobacteria as in plants and anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, recent studies of the biochemistry and molecular genetics of this pathway have begun to exploit the advantages of these oxygenic procaryotic organisms. The results of these studies are increasing our understanding of the biosynthetic enzyme reaction mechanisms, the physical properties of the enzymes, modes of metabolic regulation, the evolution of the pathway, and the phylogenetic relationships among cyanobacteria, other bacteria, algae, and plants. In this article, emphasis is placed on the individual enzymatic steps of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in cyanobacteria, the natures of substrates, reaction intermediates, and products, the physical, kinetic, and regulatory properties of the enzymes, and the identification of genes that encode the enzymes. Because of the limited amount of available information that has been directly derived from cyanobacteria, results obtained from other organisms is discussed wherever it is likely to be applicable to cyanobacteria.

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  1. Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    Samuel I. Beale

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

    Donald A. Bryant

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Beale, S.I. (1994). Biosynthesis of Cyanobacterial Tetrapyrrole Pigments: Hemes, Chlorophylls, and Phycobilins. In: Bryant, D.A. (eds) The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria. Advances in Photosynthesis, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0227-8_17

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