Abstract
Statistically, hypertension is harmful because hypertensive people suffer 3 to 4 times more strokes, more myocardial infarctions, and more angina, congestive failure, and renal failure. However, many people have these same high levels of blood pressure and do not get these strokes or myocardial infarctions. Their arteries are seemingly not harmed by the high blood pressure. At the opposite end of the spectrum, patients are often very frightened because three-fourths of their parents or siblings have died of a stroke or have had a coronary death all before the age of 50. Seemingly, the arteries of these families are exceedingly susceptible to relatively mild degrees of hypertension and other risk factors. Actually hypertension would be much less of a problem if it did not involve extra coronary, cerebral, or renal vascular disease. Our findings strongly suggest that with hypertension the blood pressureper seis only one of the determinants of arterial lesions. Other factors apparently are strongly involved and must be considered. Using the antihypertensive treatments of 10 years ago, various trials have indicated that lowering the blood pressure produces only a very small reduction in coronary deaths. In numerical terms, this is certainly the number one complication of hypertension, and the older methods of treatment seemingly cannot solve this problem.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Eaton SB, Konner M. Paleolithic nutrition. A consideration of its nature and current implications. N Engl J Med 1985;312:283–289.
Denton D. Hunger for salt, an anthropological, physiological and medical analysis. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982: 573–575.
Khaw KT, Barrett-Connor E. Dietary potassium and stroke-associated mortality: A 12-year prospective population study. N Engl J Med 1987;316:235–240.
Grim CE, Luft FC, Miller JZ, et al. Racial differences in blood pressure in Evans County, Georgia: Relationships to sodium and potassium intake and plasma renin activity. J Chronic Dis 1980;33:87–94.
Langford HG. Dietary potassium and hypertension: Epidemiologic data. Ann Intern Med 1983;98(Suppl.):770–772.
Tobian L, MacNeill D, Johnson MA, Ganguli MC, Iwai J. Potassium protection against lesions of the renal tubules, arteries and glomeruli and nephron loss in salt-loaded hypertensive Dahl S rats. Hypertension 1984;6(Suppl.1):170–176.
Tobian L, Lange J, Ulm K, Wold L, Iwai J. Potassium reduces cerebral hemorrhage and death in hypertensive rats even when BP is not lowered. Hypertension 1985; 7(Supp1.2):I-110-I-114.
Tobian L, Lange J, Johnson MA, et al. High-K diets markedly reduce brain haemorrhage and infarcts, death rate and mesenteric arteriolar hypertrophy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertension 1986; 4(Supp1.5):205–207.
Tobian L. High potassium diets reduce stroke mortality and arterial and renal tubular lesions in hypertension. American Institute of Nutrition Symposium Proceedings, Nutrition ‘87,1987;119–130.
Tobian L, Sugimoto T, Johnson MA, Hanlon S.High K diets protect against endothelial injury in stroke-prone SHR rats. J Hypertension 1987;5(Suppl.5):263–265.
Sugimoto T, Tobian L, Ganguli MC. High K diets protect against dysfunction of endothelial cells in stroke-prone SHR rats. Hypertension 1988;11(6):579–585.
Radomski MW, Palmer RMJ, Moncada S. Comparative pharmacology of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide and prostacyclin in platelets. Br J Pharmac 1987;92:181–187.
Radomski MW, Palmer RMJ, Moncada S. Endogenous nitric oxide inhibits human platelet adhesion to vascular endothelium. Lancet 1987;ii:1057–1058.
Radomski MW, Palmer RMJ, Moncada S. The role of nitric oxide and cGMP in platelet adhesion to vascular endothelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987; 148:1482–1489.
Tobian L, Jahner T, Johnson MA. High K diets markedly reduce atherosclerotic cholesterol ester deposition in aortas of rats with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Am J of Hypertension 1990;3:133–135.
Sugimoto K, Tobian L, Ishimitsu T, Lange J. High K diets greatly increase the release of growth-inhibiting agents from aortas of stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, thereby partially explaining reduced aortic wall thickening. J of Hypertension 1991;9(Suppl.6): S176–S177.
Danon A, Knapp HR, Oelz O, Oates JA. Stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis in the renal papilla by hypertonic mediums. Am J Physiol 1978;234:F64–F67.
Tobian L, Hanlon S. High NaCI diets injure arteries and raise mortality without changing blood pressure. Hypertension 1990;15:900–903.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tobian, L. (1995). The Importance of Potassium for Vascular Protection in A Hypertensive Setting. In: Godfraind, T., Mancia, G., Abbracchio, M.P., Aguilar-Bryan, L., Govoni, S. (eds) Pharmacological Control of Calcium and Potassium Homeostasis. Medical Science Symposia Series, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0117-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0117-2_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4056-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0117-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive