Abstract
The epidemiological profiles of gastric and duodenal ulcer have changed considerably during the twentieth century and herein may lie valuable clues to their aetiologies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Crean, G. P. (1984). Symptomatic diagnosis of dyspepsia. In Lancaster Smith, M. J. (ed.) Peptic Ulcer, pp. 14–20. ( London: Update Publications )
De Dombal, F. T. (1981). Analysis of foregut symptoms. In Baron, J. H. and Moody, F. G. (eds.) International Medical Review: Gastroenterology I, Foregut, pp. 49–66. ( London: Butterworth )
Lennard Jones, J. E. (1983). Functional gastrointestinal disorders. N. Engl. J. Med., 308, 431–435
Doll, R., Jones, F. A. and Bukatzsch, M. M. (1950). MRC Special Report Series no. 276, London
Watkinson, G. (1960). The incidence of chronic peptic ulcer found at necropsy. Gut 1, 14–31
Ihamaki, T., Varis, K. and Siurala, M. (1979). Morphological, functional and immunological state of gastric mucosa in gastric carcinoma families. Comparison with a computer matched family sample. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 14, 801–812
Pulvertaft, C. N. (1968). Comments on the incidence and natural history of gastric and duodenal ulcer. Postgrad. Med. J., 44, 597–602
Bonnevie, O. (1975). The incidence of gastric ulcer in Copenhagen County. Gastroenterology, 10, 231–239
Bonnevie, O. (1975). The incidence of duodenal ulcer in Copenhagen County. Gastroenterology, 10, 385–393
Kurata, J. H., Honda, G. D. and Frankl, H. (1983). The incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcers in a large HMO. Presented at the 111th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association (abstract)
National Centre for Health Statistics. (1979). Prevalence of selected chronic digestive conditions, United States 1975. Vital and Health Statistics, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, 79–1558
Brinton, W. (1857). On the Pathology, Symptoms and Treatment of Ulcer of the Stomach. ( Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone )
Coggon, D., Lambert, P. and Langman, M. J. S. (1981). Twenty years of hospital admissions for peptic ulcer in England and Wales. Lancet, 1, 1302–1304
Elashoff, J. D. and Grossman, M. I. (1980). Trends in hospital admissions and death rates from peptic ulcer in the United States from 19701978. Gastroenterology, 78, 280–285
Almy, T. P. et al. (1975). Prevalence and significance of digestive disease. Gastroenterology, 68, 1351–1371
Mendeloff, A. I. (1974). What has been happening to duodenal ulcer? Gastroenterology, 64, 1020–1022
Vogt, T. M. and Johnson, R. E. (1980). Recent changes in the incidence of duodenal and gastric ulcer. Am. J. Epidemiol., 111, 713–720
Taylor, P. (1974). Sickness absence; Facts and misconceptions. J. R. Coll. Physicians, London, 8, 315–333
Kurata, J. H. and Haile, B. M. (1984). Epidemiology of peptic disease. Clin. Gastroenterol., 132, 289–307
Malhotra, S. L. (1965). The role of saliva in the aetiology of peptic ulcer. Br. Med. J., 1, 1220–1222
Langman, M. J. S. (1979). The Epidemiology of Chronic Digestive Disease. ( London: Edward Arnold )
Harrison, A., Elashoff, J. and Grossman, M. I. (1979). Cigarette smoking and ulcer disease. In The Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health, pp. 9–21. ( US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service )
Paffenbarger, R. S., Wing, A. L. and Hyde, R. T. (1974). Chronic disease in former college students. Am. J. Epidemiol., 100, 307–315
Petitti, D. B., Friedman, G. D. and Kahn, W. (1982). Peptic ulcer disease and the tar and nicotine yield of currently smoked cigarettes. J. Chronic Dis., 35, 503–507
Hammond, E. C. (1966). Smoking in relation to the death rates of one million men and women. In Haenszel, W. (ed.) Epidemiological Approaches to the Study of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases. National Cancer Institute Monograph 19, pp. 127–204. ( Bethesda: US Public Health Service )
Friedman, G. D., Siegelaub, A. B. and Seltzer, C. C. (1974). Cigarettes, alcohol, coffee and peptic ulcer. N. Engl. J. Med., 290, 469–473
Doll, R., Jones, F. and Pygott, F. (1958). Effect of smoking on the production and maintenance of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Lancet, 1, 657–662
Gugler, R., Rohner, H. G., Kratochvil, P. et al. (1982). Effect of smoking on duodenal ulcer healing with cimetidine and oxmetidine. Gut, 23, 866–871
Peterson, W. L., Sturdevant, R. A. L., Frankl, H. D. et al. (1977). Healing of duodenal ulcer with an antacid regimen. N. Engl. J. Med., 297, 341–345
Korman, M. G., Hansky, J., Eaves, E. R. and Schmidt, G. T. (1983). Influence of cigarette smoking on healing and relapse in duodenal ulcer disease. Gastroenterology, 85, 871–874
Read, N. W. and Grech, P. (1973). Effect of cigarette smoking on competence of the pylorus: preliminary study. Br. Med. J., 3, 313316
Valenzuela, J., Defelippi, C. and Csendes, A. (1976). Manometric studies on the human pyloric sphincter. Gastroenterology, 70, 481–483
Murthy, S., Dinoso, V., Clearfield, H. and Chey, W. (1977). Simultaneous measurement of basal pancreatic, gastric acid secretion, plasma gastrin.and secretion during smoking. Gastroenterology, 73, 758–761
McCready, D. R., Clark, L. and Cohen, M. M. (1985). Cigarette smoking reduces human gastric luminal prostaglandin E2. Gut, 26, 1192 1196
Piper, D. W., McIntosh, J. H., Greig, M. and Shy, C. M. (1982). Environmental factors and chronic gastric ulcer: a case control study of the association of smoking, alcohol and heavy analgesic ingestion with the exacerbation of chronic gastric ulcer. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 17, 721–729
Langman, M. J. S. and Cooke, A. R. (1976). Gastric and duodenal ulcer and their associated diseases. Lancet, 1, 680–683
Cohen, S. and Booth, G. H. Jr. (1975). Gastric acid secretion and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure in response to coffee and caffeine. N. Engl. J. Med., 293, 897–899
Jorgensen, T. G. and Gyntelberg, F. (1976). Occurrence of peptic ulcer disease in Copenhagen males age 40–59. Danish Medical Bulletin, 23, 23–28
Truelove, S. C. (1960). Stilboestrol, phenobarbitone and diet in chronic duodenal ulcer. Br. Med. J., 2, 559
Doll, R. (1964). Medical treatment of gastric ulcer. Scott. Med. J., 9 (5), 183–196
Buchman, E., Kaung, D. T., Dolan, K. and Knapp, R. N. (1969). Unrestricted diet in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. Gastroenterology, 56 (6), 1016–1026
Malhotra, S. L. (1978). A comparison of unrefined meat and rice diets in the management of duodenal ulcer. Postgrad. Med. J., 54, 6–9
Rydning, A., Berstad, A., Aadland, E. and Odegaard, B. (1982). Prophylactic effect of dietary fibre in duodenal ulcer disease. Lancet, 2, 736–739
Billington, B. P. (1963). The Australian gastric ulcer change: interstate variations. Aust. Ann. Med., 12, 153–159
Levy, M. (1974). Aspirin use in patients with major upper gastrointestinal bleeding and peptic ulcer disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 290, 1158–1162
Davenport, ‘H. W. (1967). Salicylate damage to the gastric mucosal barrier. N. Engl. J. Med., 276, 1307
Vane, J. R. (1976). Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nature, 231, 232–235
Conn, H. O. and Blitzer, B. I. (1976). Medical progress: non-association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic ulcer. N. Engl. J. Med., 294, 473
Messer, J., Reitman, D., Sacks, H. S. et al. (1983). Association of adreno-corticoid therapy and peptic ulcer disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 309, 21–24
Sommerville, K., Faulkner, G., Langman, M. (1986). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and bleeding peptic ulcer. Lancet, 1, 462–464
Collier, D. St J. and Pain, J. A. (1985). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and peptic ulcer perforation. Gut, 26, 359–363
Walt, R., Katschinski, B., Logan, R. et al. (1986). Rising frequency of ulcer perforation in elderly people in the United Kingdom. Lancet, 1, 489–492
Wolf, S. and Wolff, H. G. (1943). Human Gastric Function, 1st Edn. ( New York: Oxford University Press )
Peters, M. N. and Richardson, C. T. (1983). Stressful life events, acid hypersecretion and ulcer disease. Gastroenterology, 84, 114–119
Thomas, J., Grieg, M. and Piper, D. W. (1980). Chronic gastric ulcer and life events. Gastroenterology, 78, 905–911
Piper, D. W., McIntosh, J. H., Ariotti, D. E. et al. (1981). Life events and chronic duodenal ulcer: a case control study. Gut, 22, 1011–1017
Feldman, E. J., Elashoff, J. D., Samloff, I. M. and Grossman, M. I. (1980). Psychologic stress and duodenal ulcer. N. Engl. J. Med., 302, 1206
Weiner, H., Thaler, M., Reiser, M. E. and Mirsky, I. A. (. 1957 ). Etiology of duodenal ulcer: relation of specific psychological characteristics to rate of gastric secretion (serum pepsinogen). Psychosom. Med., 24, 398–416
Rotter, J. I. Peptic ulcer. In Emery, A. E. H. and Rimoin, D. L. (eds.) Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics,pp. 863–878 (Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone)
Langman, M. J. S. (1973). Blood group and alimentary disorders. Clin. Gastroenterol., 2, 497–506
Sturdevant, R. A. L., Isenberg, J. L., Secrist, D. and Ansfield, J. (1977). Antacid and placebo produced similar pain relief in duodenal ulcer patients. Gastroenterology, 72, 1–5
Lorber, S. H., Stelzer, F. A. and Mayer, E. M. (1978). Effect of antacid and placebo on pain of duodenal ulcer. Gastroenterology, 74, 1058
Rune, S. J. and Zachariasson, A. (1980). Acute relief of epigastric pain by antacid in duodenal ulcer patients. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. (supplement), 15, 41–45
Peterson, W. L., Sturdevant, R. A. L., Frankl, H. D. et al. (1977). Healing of duodenal ulcer with an antacid regimen. N. Engl. J. Med., 297, 341–345
Lam, S. K., Lam, K. C., Lai, C. L. et al. (1979). Treatment of duodenal ulcer with antacid and sulpiride: A double blind study. Gastroenterology, 315–322
Berstad, A., Rydning, A., Aadland, E. et al. (1982). Controlled clinical trial of duodenal ulcer healing with antacid tablets. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 17 (7): 953–959
Cayer, D., Sohmer, M. F. and Ruffin, J. M. (1957). The effect of prolonged continuous therapy on the course of chronic recurrent peptic ulcer: antacid therapy with dihydroxy aluminium aminoacetate (alglyn). N. Carolina Med. J., 18, 315–317
Baker, L. R. I., Ackrill, P., Catell, W. R. et al. (1974). Iatrogenic osteomalacia and myopathy due to phosphate depletion. Br. Med. J., iii, 150–152
Spencer, H. and Lender, M. (1979). Adverse effects of aluminium-containing antacids on mineral metabolism. Gastroenterology, 76, 603–606
Fordtran, J. S. (1968). Acid rebound. N. Engl. J. Med., 279, 900–905
Barry, R. E. and Ford, J. (1978). Sodium content and neutralizing capacity of some commonly used antacids. Br. Med. J., 276, 413
Ekenved, G., Magnusson, A., Bodemar, G. and Walan, A. (1977). Influence of food on the effect of propantheline and 1-hyoscyamine on salivation. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 12, 963–966
Post, C. and Walan, A. Influence of food on the effect of 1-hyoscyamine and benzilonium-bromide in man. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 45, (Suppl.) 77
Ivey, K. J. (1978). Anticholinergics: do they work in peptic ulcer? Gastroenterology, 68, 154–166
Feldman, M., Richardson, C. T., Peterson, W. L. et al. (1977). Effect of low dose propantheline on food stimulated acid secretion. N. Engl. J. Med., 297, 1427–1430
Hammer, R., Berrie, C. P., Birdsall, N.J. M. et al. (1980). Pirenzipine distinguishes between different subclasses of muscarinic receptors. Nature, 283, 90–92
Stenquist, B., Hagland, U., Lind, T. and Olbe, L. (1982). The effect of different anticholinergics on the gastric acid response to sham feeding in man Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 72, (Suppl.), 165–167
Texter, E. C. and Reilly, P. A. (1982). The efficacy and selectivity of pirenzipine. Review and commentary. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 72, (Suppl.), 237–246
Adami, H. O., Bjorklund, O., Enander, L. K. et al. (1982). Cimetidine or propantheline combined with antacid therapy for short term treatment of duodenal ulcer. Dig. Dis. Sci., 27 (5), 388–393
Ström, M., Gotthard, R., Bodemar, G. and Walan, A. (1981). Antacid/anti-cholinergic, cimetidine and placebo in treatment of active peptic ulcers. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 16, 593–602
Meeroff, M., Serchio, A. and Tagablue, N. R. (1981). Anticholinergic and antacid tablets versus cimetidine in the treatment of active duodenal ulcers. Curr. Ther. Res., 29 (6), 866–873
Walan, A. (1984). Antacids and anticholinergics in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. In Isenberg, J. I. and Johansson, C. (eds.) Peptic Ulcer Disease, Clinics in Gastroenterology, pp. 473–499 ( London: Saunders )
Dal Monte, P. R., Bianchi Porro, G., Petrulo, M. et al. (1982). Long term treatment of duodenal ulcer with pirenzipine. A double blind placebo controlled trial. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 72, (Suppl.), 225–227
Pounder, R. E., Williams, J. G., Russell, R. C. G. et al. (1976). Inhibition of food-stimulated gastric acid secretion by cimetidine. Gut, 17, 161–168
Walt, R. P., Male, P-J, Rawlings, J. et al. (1981). Comparison of the effects of ranitidine, cimetidine and placebo on the 24 hour intra-gastric acidity and nocturnal acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer. Gut, 22, 49–54
Thomas, J. M. and Misiewicz, G. (1984) Histamine H2 receptor antagonists in the short and long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer. In Isenberg, J. I. and Johansson, C. (eds.) Peptic Ulcer Disease, Clinics in Gastroenterology, pp. 501–541 ( London: W. B. Saunders ).
Malchow, H., Sewing, K. F., Albinus, M. et al. (1978). In-patient treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine 1. Effect on the healing of duodenal ulcer. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 103, 149–152
Villalobos, J. J., Elizondo, J., Guevara, L. and Centeno, F. (1978). Cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer: Double blind study. J. Int. Med. Res., 6, 351
Pounder, R. E. (1981). Model of medical treatment for duodenal ulcer. Lancet, 1: 29–30
Capurso, L., Dal Monte, P. R., Mazzeo, F. et al. (1984). Comparison of cimetidine 800 mg once daily and 400 mg twice daily in acute duodenal ulceration. Br. Med. J., 289, 1418–1420
Isenberg, J. I., Peterson, W. L., Elashoff, J. D. et al. (1983). Healing of benign gastric ulcer with low dose antacid or cimetidine. A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. N. Engl. J. Med., 308, 1319–1324
Akdamar, K., Dyke, W., Englert, E. et al. (1981). Cimetidine versus placebo in the treatment of benign gastric ulcer: a multi-centre double blind study. Gastroenterology,80, 1098 (abstract)
Ashton, M. G., Holdsworth, C. D., Ryan, F. P. and Moore, M. (1982). Healing of gastric ulcers after one, two and three months of ranitidine. Br. Med. J., 284, 467–468
Wright, J. P., Marks, I. N., Mee, A. S. et al. (1982). Ranitidine in the treatment of gastric ulceration. S. Afr. J. Med., 61, 155–158
Ireland, A., Colin Jones, D. G., Gear, P. et al. (1984). Ranitidine 150 mg twice daily vs 300 mg nightly in treatment of duodenal ulcers. Lancet, 2, 274–276
Lishman, A. H. and Record, C. O. (1982) Ranitidine in the management of duodenal ulceration: controlled and open comparison with cimetidine. In Misiewicz, J. J. and Wormsley, K. G. (eds.) The Clinical Use of Ranitidine. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Ranitidine 1982, pp. 163–167. ( Oxford: Medicine Publishing Foundation )
Witzel, L. and Wolberg, E. (1982). Peptic ulcer healing with ranitidine in cimetidine resistance. Lancet, 2: 1224
Bardhan, K. D. (1980). Cimetidine in duodenal ulcer: the present position. In Torsoli, A., Luchelli, P. E. and Brimblecombe, R. W. (eds.) Further Experience with H2 Receptor Antagonists in Peptic Ulcer Disease and Progress in Histamine Research, pp. 5–14 ( Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica )
Hunt, R. H. (1981). Non responders to cimetidine treatment part 1. In Baron, J. H. (ed.) Cimetidine in the 80’s, pp. 34–41. ( Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone )
Gough, K. R., Korman, M. G., Bardhan, K. D. et al. (1984). Ranitidine and cimetidine in prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse. A double blind randomized multicentre comparative trial. Lancet, 2, 659–662
Roth, H. P. (1971). Healing of initial ulcers in relation of age and sex. Gastroenterology, 61, 570–575
Jensen, K. B., Milmann, K. M., Rahbek, I. et al. (1979). Prophylactic effect of cimetidine in gastric ulcer patients. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 14, 175–176
Machell, R. J., Ciclitira, P. J., Farthing, M. J. et al. (1979). Cimetidine in the prevention of gastric ulcer relapse. Postgrad. Med., 55, 393–395
Cockel, R., Dawson, J. and Jain, S. (1982). Ranitidine in the long term treatment of gastric ulcers. In Misiewicz, J. J. and Wormsley, K. G. (eds.), The Clinical Use of Cimetidine, pp. 232–238. ( Oxford: Medicine Publishing Foundation )
Zamcheek, N., Grable, E., Ley, A. and Norman, L. (1955). Occurrence of gastric cancer among patients with pernicious anaémia at Boston City Hospital. N. Engl. J. Med., 252, 1103–1110
Domellöf, L., Eriksson, S. and Janunger, K. G. (1977). Carcinoma and possible pre-cancerous changes of the gastric stump after Billroth II resection. Gastroenterology, 73, 462–468
Tannenbaum, S. R. (1983). N-nitroso compounds: a perspective on human exposure. Lancet, 1, 629–632
Habs, M., Schmähl, D., Eisenbrand, G. and Preussmann, R. (1983). Carcinogenesis studies with N-nitrosocimetidine. In Magee, P. N. (ed.) Nitrosamines and Human Cancer, Banbury Report No. 12, pp. 403405. ( New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory )
Lijinsky, W. (1982). Carcinogenesis studies with nitrosocimetidine. In Magee, P. N: (ed.) Nitrosamines and Human Cancer. Banbury Report No. 12, pp. 397–401, ( New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory )
Colin Jones, D. G., Langman, M. J. S., Dawson, D. H. and Vessey, M.P. (1985). Postmarketing surveillance of the safety of cimetidine mortality during second, third and fourth years of follow-up. Br. Med. J., 291, 1084–1088
Buck, J. P., Murgatroyd, R. E., Bolston, A. W. and Baron, J. H. (1979). Perforation of gastric carcinoma (at site of previous benign ulcer) after withdrawal of cimetidine. Lancet, 2, 42
Reed, P. I., Cassell, P. G. and Walters, C. L. (1979). Gastric cancer in patients who have taken cimetidine. Lancet, 1, 1234–1235
Taylor, T. V., Lee, D., Howatson, A. G. et al. (1979). Gastric cancer and cimetidine. J. R. Coll. Surg. Edinburgh, 26, 34–35
Walan, A., Bergasker-Aspoy, J., Farup, P., et al. (1983). Four week study of the rate of duodenal ulcer healing with omeprazole. Gut, 24, A972
Lauritson, K., Rune, S. J., Bytzer, P. et al. (1985). Effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on duodenal ulcer. A double blind comparative trial. N. Engl. J. Med., 312, 958–961
Nagashima, R. (1981). Mechanisms of action of sucralfate. J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 3 (Suppl. 2), 117–127
Sasaki, H., Hinohara, Y., Tsunoda, Y. and Nagashima, R. (1983). Binding of sucralfate to duodenal ulcer in man. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 18 (Suppl. 83) 13–14
McGraw, B. F. and Caldwell, E. G. (1981). Sucralfate. Drug Intel!. Clin. Pharm., 15, 578–580
Garnett, W. R. (1982). Sucralfate–alternative therapy for peptic ulcer disease. Clin. Pharm., 1, 307–314
Samloff, I. M., O’Dell, C. (1985). Inhibition of peptic activity by sucralfate. Am. J. Med., 79: (Suppl. 2c) 15–18
Fixa, B. and Komârkovâ, O. (1981). Aluminium sucrose sulphate (sucralfate) in the treatment of peptic ulcer (double blind study). In Caspary, W. F. (ed.) Sucralfate: A New Therapeutic Concept, pp. 8084, ( Baltimore: Urban and Schwarzenberg )
McHardy, G. G. (1981). A multicentre double blind trial of sucralfate and placebo in duodenal ulcer. J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 3, (Suppl. 2) 147–152
Tytgat, G. N.J., Hameeteman, W., Van Olffen, G. H. (1984). Miscellaneous Drugs. In Isenberg, J. I. and Johansson, C. (eds.), Peptic Ulcer Disease,Clinics in Gastroenterology, pp. 543–568, (London: W. B. Saunders)
Brandstaetter, G. and Kratochvil, P. (1985). Comparison of sucralfate dosages (2 g twice a day versus 1 g four times a day) in duodenal ulcer healing. Am. J. Med., 79: (Suppl. 2c) 36–38
Marks, I. N., Wright, J. P., Denyer, M. et al. (1980). Comparison of sucralfate with cimetidine in the short-term treatment of chronic peptic ulcer. S. Afr. Med. J. 57, 567–573
Lahtinen, J., Ankee, S., Miettinen, P. et al. (1983). Sucralfate and cimetidine for gastric ulcer. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 18, (Suppl. 83) 49–51
Classen, M., Bethge, H., Brunner, G. et al. (1982). Sucralfate prevents duodenal ulcer recurrences. A controlled double blind study. Gastroenterology, 82, 1034
Libeskind, M. (1982). Maintenance treatment of patients with healed peptic ulcer with sucralfate, placebo and cimetidine. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 18, (Suppl. 83) 69–70
Marks, I. N., Wright, J. P., Girdwood, A. H. et al. (1985). Maintenance therapy with sucralfate reduces rate of gastric ulcer recurrence. Am. J. Med., 79 (Suppl. 2c) 32–35
Lee, S. P. (1982). A potential mechanism of action of colloidal bismuth subcitrate: diffusion barrier to hydrochloric acid. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 17, (Suppl. 80) 17–21
Brogden, R.N., Pinder, R.M., Sawyer, P. R. et al. (1976). Tri-potassium dicitratobismuthate: a report of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in peptic ulcer. Drugs, 12, 401–411
Boyes, B. E., Woolf, I. L., Wilszn, R. Y. et al. (1975). Treatment of gastric ulceration with a bismuth preparation. Postgrad. Med. J.,51 (Suppl. 5) 29–32
Lee, S. P. and Nicholson, G. I. (1977). Increased healing of gastric and duodenal ulcer in a controlled trial using tripotassium dicitratobismuthate. Med. J. Aust., 1, 808–812
Tytgat, G. N. J., Van. Bentem, N. Van Olffen, G. et al. (1982). Controlled trial comparing colloidal bismuth subcitrate tablets, cimetidine and placebo in the treatment of gastric ulceration. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 17, (Suppl. 80) 31–38
Martin, D.F., Hollanders, D., May, S.J. et al. (1981). Difference in relapse rates of duodenal ulcer after healing with cimetidine or tripotassium dicitratobismuthate. Lancet, 1, 7–10
Lee, F.I., Samloff, T. M. and Hardman, M. (1985). Comparison of tripotassium dicitratobismuthate tablets with ranitidine in healing and relapse of duodenal ulcers. Lancet, 1, 1229–1230
Kang, J. Y. and Piper, D. N., (1982). Cimetidine and colloidal bismuth in the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer: comparison of initial healing and recurrence after healing. Digestion, 23, 73–79
Archambault, A. P., Halvorsen, L., Lee, S. P. et al. (1984). Efficacy and safety of enprostil, a synthetic prostaglandin and placebo in patients with duodenal ulcer. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 79, 828
Lauritsen, K., Laursen, L. S., Havelund, T. et al. (1986). Effect of enprostil and ranitidine on duodenal ulcer healing. Gut, 27, A608
Walt, R. P., Long, R. G., Logan, R. F. A. et al. (1986). Double blind clinical trial comparing night time enprostil with ranitidine in duodenal ulcer. Gut, 27, A608
Sontag, S., Graham, D. Y., Belsito, A. et al. (1984). Cimetidine, cigarette smoking and recurrence of duodenal ulcer. N. Engl. J. Med., 311, 689–693
Cumberland, D. C. (1975). Fibreoptic endoscopy and radiology in the investigation of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Clin. Radiol., 26, 223236
Barnes, R. J., Gear, M. W. L., Nicol, A. and Drew, A. B. (1974). Study of dyspepsia in a general practice as assessed by endoscopy and radiology. Br. Med. J., 4, 214–216
Laufer, I., Mullens, J. E. and Hamilton, J. (1975). The diagnostic accuracy of barium studies of the stomach and duodenum–correlation with endoscopy. Radiology, 115, 569–573
Shirakabe, H., Nishizawa, M., Nomoto, K. et al. (1975). Qualitative comparison of endoscopy and radiology in the diagnosis of duodenal ulcer. Gastroenterology, 68, 1031
Fraser, G. M. and Earnshaw, P. M. (1983). The double contrast barium meal: a correlation with endoscopy. Clin. Radiol., 34, 121–131
Cotton, P. B. and Shorvon, P. J. (1984). Endoscopy and radiology in peptic ulcer disease. In Isenberg, J. I. and Johansson, C. (eds.), Peptic Ulcer Disease, Clinics in Gastroenterology, pp. 383–403, ( London: W. B. Saunders )
Farin, R., Farinati, F., Cardin, F. et al. (1983). Evidence of gastric carcinoma during follow-up of apparently benign gastric ulcer. Gut, 24, A486
Schiller, K. F. R. and Prout, B. J. (1976). Hazards. In Schiller, K. F. R. and Salmon, P. R. (eds.) Modern Topics in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, pp. 147–165, ( London: William Heinemann Medical )
Holdstock, C. D., Bardhan, K. D. and Balmforth, G. V. (1979). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: its effect on patient management. Br. Med. J., 1, 775–777
Lance, P. and Gazzard, B. G. (1983). Controlled trial of cimetidine for symptomatic treatment of duodenal ulcers. Br. Med. J., 286, 937–938
Bardhan, K. D. (1980). Intermittent treatment of duodenal ulcer with cimetidine. Br. Med. J., 2, 20–22
Rune, S. J., Mollman, K. M. and Rahbek, J. (1980). Frequency of relapses in duodenal ulcer patients treated with cimetidine during symptomatic periods. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 15 (Suppl. 58) 85–92
Fry, J. (1964). Peptic ulcer: a profile. Br. Med. J., 2, 809–812
Kraus, E. (1963). Long term results of medical and surgical treatment. A follow-up investigation of patients initially treated conservatively between 1925 and 1934. Acta. Chir. Scand. (Suppl. 310 ).
Viskum, K. (1976). A comparison of the course of the disease among patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and ulcer dyspepsia without ulcer demonstrable by X-ray. Dan. Med. Bull., 23, 129–136
Mazzaca, G., D’Agostino, L., D=Arienzo, A. et al. (1982). Cimetidine or ranitidine non-responder patients. Treatment of duodenal ulcers resistant to one H2 blocker with the other. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 17 (Suppl. 78), 103 (abstract 408)
Lam, S. K., Lee, N. W., Koo, J. et al. (1984). Randomized crossover trial of tripotassium dicitratobismuthate versus high dose cimetidine for duodenal ulcers resistant to standard dose of cimetidine. Gut,25, 703
Bardhan, K. D., Thompson, M., Bose, K. et al. (1986). Combined histamine H2 and antimuscarinic receptor blockade in the treatment of refractory duodenal ulcer. Gut, 27, A606
Gustaysson, S., Adami, H. O., Lööf, A. et al. (1983). Rapid healing of duodenal ulcers with omeprazole: a double blind dose-comparative trial. Lancet, 2, 124–125
Gear, M. W. L. (1986). The place of surgery in the management of peptic ulcer. A comparison with modern drug therapy. In Lancaster Smith, M. J. (ed.) Peptic Ulcer, Seminar, pp. 13–22 ( London: Update Siebart Publications )
Fineberg, H. V. and Pearlman, L. A. (1981). Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer in the United States. Trends after the introduction of cimetidine. Lancet, 1, 1305–1308
Wastell, C. (1982). The stomach and duodenum. In Bouchier, I.A.D. (ed.) Recent Advances in Gastroenterology, 33 ( Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone )
Johnston, D. (1975). Operative mortality and morbidity of highly selective vagotomy, 4, 545–547
Clark, C. G. (1982). Recurrent ulcer. In Barron, J. H., Alexander-Williams, J., Allgower, M., Muller, C. and Spencer, J. (eds.) Vagotomy in Modern Surgical Practice, pp. 305–332 ( London: Butterworths )
Kennedy, T. L. (1982). Recurrent ulcer. In Barron, J. H., Alexander-Williams, J., Allgower, M., Muller, C. and Spencer, J. (eds.) Vagotomy in Modern Surgical Practice, pp. 327–329 ( London: Butterworths )
Kelly, K. A. and Malagelada, J. R. (1984). Medical and surgical treatment of chronic gastric ulcer. In Isenberg, J. I. and Johansson, C. (eds.) Peptic Ulcer, Clinics in Gastroenterology, pp. 621–634 ( London: W. B. Saunders )
Duthie, H. L. and Kwong, N. K. (1973). Vagotomy or gastrectomy for gastric ulcer. Br. Med. J., 4, 79–81
Poppen, B. and Delin, A. (1981). Parietal cell vagotomy for duodenal and pyloric ulcers. I. Clinical factors leading to failure of the operation. Am. J. Surg., 141, 323–329
Barron, J.H., Barr, J., Batten, J., Sidebottom, R. and Spencer, J. (1986). Acid, pepsin and mucus secretion in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer before and after colloidal bismuth Subcitrate (Denol). Gut, 27, 486–490
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 MTP Press Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lancaster-Smith, M. (1987). Peptic Ulcer. In: Lancaster-Smith, M. (eds) Ulcer and Non-Ulcer Dyspepsias. Practical Clinical Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9928-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9928-8_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-85200-691-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-9928-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive