Abstract
A polymer will respond in one of three ways to an applied stress:
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(i)
In a rapid elastic manner characterised by a high modulus which corresponds to bond stretching and the deformation of bond angles. This applies to both amorphous polymers below Tg and to crystalline polymers.
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(ii)
By viscous flow characterised by a low modulus which corresponds to the irreversible slippage of flow units past one another. This occurs in amorphous polymers above Tg and generally in all molten polymers.
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(iii)
In a rubber-elastic manner characterised by a low modulus and by largely reversible slippage of flow units. This may result in several hundred percent elongation. As the flow units straighten out from their randomly coiled configuration, so they orient themselves along the stress axis. This process is retarded by the internal frictional (viscous) forces of the material.
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© 1978 Applied Science Publishers Ltd
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Lenk, R.S. (1978). Deformation in the Solid State—Small Strains. In: Polymer Rheology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9666-9_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9666-9_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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