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North American Social Report pp 155–208Cite as

Morality and Social Customs

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Part of the book series: North American Social Report ((SSIR,volume 5))

Abstract

The first three sections of this chapter form a natural triad consisting of marriage (Section 2), families (3) and divorce (4). Survey research concerning the most important problems facing individuals, families (5) and nations (6) occupy our attention next. In Section (7) I review the results of several national opinion polls dealing with matters of taste. Then I look at survey research concerning more serious matters of prejudice, especially racism and sexism (8). In Section 9 I review some survey results related to broad assessments of life, such as happiness and peace of mind. Finally, the chapter and all previous chapters are summarized.

“Tsekung asked, ‘Is there one single word that can serve as a principle of conduct for life?’ Confucius replied, ‘Perhaps the word ‘reciprocity’ will do. Do not do unto others what you do not want others to do unto you.’ “

From The Wisdom of Confucius

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Notes

  1. J. Bernard, The Future of Marriage (New York: World Publishing, 1972), p. 269.

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  2. Ibid., pp. 272–273.

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  3. In Canada the same thing may be said about the period from 1951 to 1974. See M. Boyd, M. Eichler, and J. R. Hofley, ‘Family: Functions, Formation, and Fertility’, Opportunity for Choice: A Goal for Women in Canada (ed, by G. C. A. Cook), (Ottawa: Information Canada, 1976), pp. 16–18.

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  4. Bernard, ‘Family: Functions, Formation, and Fertility’, Opportunity for Choice: A Goal for Women in Canada (ed, by G. C. A. Cook), (Ottawa: Information Canada, 1976), pp. 3–54.

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  5. Bernard, ‘Family: Functions, Formation, and Fertility’, Opportunity for Choice: A Goal for Women in Canada (ed, by G. C. A. Cook), (Ottawa: Information Canada, 1976), pp. 15–25.

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  6. Bernard, ‘Family: Functions, Formation, and Fertility’, Opportunity for Choice: A Goal for Women in Canada (ed, by G. C. A. Cook), (Ottawa: Information Canada, 1976), pp. 26–27.

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  7. Cf., Chapter 12.15 percents of married and unmarried women living in poverty.

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  8. Bernard, op. cit., pp. 29–30.

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  9. Ibid., p. 49.

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  10. A. C. Michalos, ‘Satisfaction and Happiness’, Social Indicators Research (1980) 385–422.

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  11. In the Michigan model satisfaction is directly a function of the gap between what one has and wants, and the latter gap is a function of the gap between what one has and believes others have, and has and has had in the past.

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  12. Bernard, op. cit., pp. 18–21.

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  13. M. Mead in U.S. Senate, Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, Subcommittee on Children and Youth, Hearings, American Families: Trends and Pressures, 1973, 93rd Cong., 1st Sess., 1973, p. 124.

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  14. Ibid., p. 123.

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  15. L. E. Larson, ‘An Overview of Comparative Family Organization’, The Canadian Family in Comparative Perspective (ed. by L. E. Larson), (Scarborough: Prentice-Hall of Canada, Ltd., 1976), p. 43.

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  16. Ibid.

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  17. L. K. Howe, ‘An Introduction’, The Future of the Family (ed. by L. K. Howe), (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972), p. 14.

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  18. L. K. Howe, ‘An Introduction’, The Future of the Family (ed. by L. K. Howe), (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972), p. 22. See also Chapter 12.15, footnote 284 and the following paragraph, and J. Bernard, ‘My Four Revolutions: An Autobiographical History of the ASA’, Changing Women in a Changing Society (ed. by J. Huber), (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973), pp. 16–17.

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  19. Volume IV, Chapter 11, Table 2.

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  20. Center for Population Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, A Review of the Actual and Expected Consequences of Family Size (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974), pp. 180–190.

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  21. Ibid., p. 180.

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  22. Ibid., p. 181.

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  23. Ibid., p. 182.

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  24. Ibid., p. 185.

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  25. National Council of Welfare, One in a World of Two’s (Ottawa: National Council of Welfare, 1976), p. 5.

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  26. Ibid., pp. 28–30.

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  27. This quotation and the next one were taken from the excellent bibliographical source, K. D. Sell and B. H. Sell, Divorce in the United States, Canada, and Great Britain: A Guide to Information Sources (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1978), p. xiv.

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  28. Ibid.

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  29. Boyd, Eichler and Hofley, op. cit., p. 51.

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  30. ‘Throwaway Marriages’ — Threat to the American Family’, U.S. News and World Report, January 13, 1975, p. 43.

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  31. Boyd, Eichler and Hofley, op. cit., p. 25.

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  32. Volume I, p. 45.

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  33. Volume I, p. 149.

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  34. CEPO #321 October 1966.

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  35. AIPO #723 January 1966.

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  36. The results from 1964 are not included in T9.

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  37. N. H. Nie, S. Verba and J. R. Petrocik, The Changing American Voter (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1976), p. 98.

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  38. CIPO release March 10, 1973; Gallup Opinion Index, October 1972, p. 22.

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  39. CIPO #336 July 1969; AIPO #780 May 1969.

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  40. CIPO #336 July 1969; AIPO #780 May 1969.

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  41. Volume III, Chapter 8.4.

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  42. AIPO #719 October 1965; CIPO #318 April 1966.

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  43. CIPO release December 17,1969.

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  44. Volume III, Chapter 7.2.

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  45. Volume III, Chapter 7.3.

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  46. G. Myrdal, An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy (New York: Harper and Row, Pub., 1944), p. 710.

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  47. Volume II, Chapter 4.2.

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  48. CIPO release August 4, 1973;Gallup Opinion Index, February 1969, pp. 53,54.

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  49. Ibid.

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  50. P. A. Katz, ‘Racism and Social Science’, Towards the Elimination of Racism (ed. by P. A. Katz), (New York: Pergamon Press, Inc., 1976), p. 12.

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  51. CIPO #304 August 1963; #335 May 1969; July 23, 1975; AIPO #673 May 1963; #710 April 1965; #730 June 1966; #749 August 1967.

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  52. CIPO release September 14,1968; AIPO July 1966.

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  53. E. J. Dosman, The National Interest: The Politics of Northern Development 1968–75 (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., 1975) pp. 122–123; P. Sykes, Sellout: The Giveaway of Canada’s Energy Resources (Edmonton: Hurtig Pub., 1973), pp. 147–148.

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  54. CIPO #338 October 1969; AIPO #788 September 1969.

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  55. CIPO release December 31,1969.

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  56. Some indicators yielded identical indicator values for both countries and, because they lacked any discriminating power, were omitted from my comparative quality of life assessment. They were not, of course, omitted from the assessment of the similarities and differences between the two countries, as shown below.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Alex C. Michalos

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  1. Alex C. Michalos
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© 1982 D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland

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Michalos, A.C. (1982). Morality and Social Customs. In: North American Social Report. North American Social Report, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9559-4_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9559-4_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-277-1358-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-9559-4

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