Advertisement

Theoretical Aspects of Solar X-Radiation

  • C. De Jager
Conference paper
Part of the Astrophysics and Space Science Library book series (ASSL, volume 9)

Abstract

In physics X-radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation originating from electronic transitions involving the lowest electron shells; gamma rays are of nuclear origin. Mostly gamma rays are harder than X-rays. This distinction has not rigorously been followed in the astronomical literature, and in actual fact, it has sometimes only been the energy of the solar quanta that was used to classify them. However, one had better avoid confusion and keep to the physical definition. Hence solar energetic radiation will only be called gamma radiation if it is certain that the radiation is of nuclear origin. Since such radiation has not yet been observed the conclusion must be that all energetic solar radiation observed so far must be classified as X-radiation. But in this class of radiation a certain distinction can certainly be made.

Keywords

Solar Flare Solar Corona Radio Burst Radio Observation Dielectronic Recombination 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Anderson, K. A. and Winckler, J. R.: 1962, J. Geophys. Res. 67, 4103.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Blake, R. L.: 1965, Astrophys. J. 142, 1.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Blake, R. L., Chubb, T. A., Friedman, H. and Unzicker, A.: 1963, Astrophys. J. 137, 3.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Bowen, P. J., Norman, K., Pounds, K. A., Sanford, P. W., and Willmore, A. P.: 1964, Proc. Roy. Soc. 281, 538.Google Scholar
  5. Burgess, A.: 1964, Astrophys. J. 139, 776.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Burgess, A. and SEATON, M.J.: 1964, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 127, 355ADSGoogle Scholar
  7. CHUBB, T. A., FRIEDMAN, H. and KREPLIN, R. W.: 1960, J. Geophys. Res. 65, 1831.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Chubb, T. A., Friedman, H. and Kreplin, R. W.: 1961, Space Res. I, 695.Google Scholar
  9. DENISSE, J. F.: 1959, in Paris Symposium on Radio Astronomy (R. N. BRACEWELL, ed.), Stanford Univ. Press, p. 237.Google Scholar
  10. ELWERT, G.: 1958, J. Atmos. Terrest. Phys. 12, 187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. ELWERT, G.: 1961, J. Geophys. Res. 66, 391.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. EVANS, K., POUNDS, K. A., and CULHANE, J. L.: 1967, Nature, Febr.Google Scholar
  13. JAGER, C. DE: 1959, ‘Structure and Dynamics of the Solar Atmosphere’, Handbuch der Physik 52, 80.ADSGoogle Scholar
  14. JAGER, C. DE: 1960, Space Res. 1, 628.Google Scholar
  15. JAGER, C. DE: 1963, Space Sci. Rev. 1, 487.ADSGoogle Scholar
  16. JAGER, C. DE: 1964, ‘Solar Ultraviolet and X-ray Radiation’, Research in Geophysics (H. ODISHAW, ed.), MIT Press.Google Scholar
  17. Jager, C. de: 1967, Solar Phys. 2, 327.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Jager, C. de and Kundu, M. R.: 1963, Space Res. 3, 836.Google Scholar
  19. Jager, C. de and Legrand, J. P.: 1965, SPARMO Bulletin 3, 1–3.Google Scholar
  20. Kawabata, K.: 1960, Rep. Ion. Space Res. Japan 14, 405.Google Scholar
  21. Kawabata, K.: 1966, Rep. Ion. Space Res. Japan. 20, 118.Google Scholar
  22. Krivsky, L.: 1964, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czechoslov. 15, 131.ADSGoogle Scholar
  23. Manson, B. E.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 147, 703.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Maxwell, A.: 1963, Plan. Space Sc. 11, 897.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. MIYAZAKI, Y. and TAKEUCHI, H.: 1960, in Space Research 1 (H. K. BIJL, ed.), North Holland Publishing Co., 869.Google Scholar
  26. NEWKIRK, G.: 1967, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 5, 213.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. PETERSON, L. E. and WINCKLER, J. R.: 1959, J. Geophys. Res. 64, 697.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. POUNDS, K. A. and RUSSELL, P. C.: 1966, Nature 209, 490.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. RENSBERGEN, W. van: 1967, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 19, 6.ADSGoogle Scholar
  30. RENSBERGEN, W. van: 1967, Solar Phys. 1, 354.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. SCHATZMAN, E.: 1965, ‘Particle and Radio Emission from the Sun’, in The Solar Spectrum(C. DE JAGER, ed.), Reidel, Dordrecht.Google Scholar
  32. SEVERNY. A. B.: 1960, Izv. Krymsk. Astrophys. Obs. 22, 67.Google Scholar
  33. TAKAKURA, T. and KAI, K.: 1966, Publ. Astron. Soc., Japan 18, 57.ADSGoogle Scholar
  34. UNSOLD, A.: 1955, Physik der Sternatmosphären, 2 Aufl., Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
  35. WINCKLER, J. R.: 1964, in The Physics of Solar Flares (W. N. HESS, ed.) NASA, 117.Google Scholar
  36. WINCKLER, J.R., ARNOLDY, R.L., and KANE, S.R.: 1967, Solar Physics, 2, 171.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. WINCKLER, J. R., MAI, T. C., and MASLEY, A. J.: 1961, J. Geophys. Res. 66, 316.ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  38. ZELEZNYAKOV, V. V.: 1965, Astron. Zurn. 42, 96.ADSGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland 1967

Authors and Affiliations

  • C. De Jager
    • 1
  1. 1.University Observatory ‘Sonnenborgh’ and Space Research LaboratoryUtrechtThe Netherlands

Personalised recommendations

Cite paper