Abstract
Included in this draft report are discussions of papers on the night airglow and the twilight glow. Because of the fact that Commission 21 in collaboration with Commission 22 is sponsoring a colloquium in Honolulu on the Zodiacal Light and the Interplanetary Medium from 28 January to 2 February 1967, (one month after this draft report is due) it is planned to postpone definitive discussion of the zodiacal light, gegenschein and the integrated starlight until the time of the general assembly. We are omitting general discussion of the aurora except for some low and mid-latitude phenomena which have both airglow and auroral characteristics. Research reports based on work done in the Soviet Union have been reviewed by N. N. Shefov. His resumé is included as a part of the present report.
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Bibliographie
A. Airglow, General
Abbott, W. N. 1964, Possible correlations between sporadic-E and low-altitude airglow emission of 5577 Å in median latitudes, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 776.
Barbier, D. 1964, Airglow, Res. Geophys., I, Chapter 16, Mass. Inst. Tech.
Barbier, D. 1965, La lumière du ciel nocturne aux Iles Kerguelen, Ann. Géophys., 2I, 299.
Bellew, W., Silverman, S. 1966, General behavior of 6300 Å [O I] at Sacramento Peak, New Mexico, Planet. Space Sci., I4, 407.
Glaume, J. 1965, Etude de la raie 5577 Å de l’oxygène dans la luminescence atmosphérique nocturne, Ann. Géophys., 2I, I.
Hunten, D. M. 1967, Spectroscopic studies of the twilight airglow, Space Sci. Rev., 6, 493.
Huruhata, M. 1965, Lunar tidal effect on the oxygen green line in the night airglow, J. geophys. Res., 70, 5979.
Huruhata, M. 1964–1965, Japanese contribution to the IQSY.
Kulkarni, P. V. 1965, On the height of the 5577 Å [O I] airglow layer in Hawaii, Ann. Géophys., 21, 58.
Lagos, P. 1964, The airglow 6300 Å [O 1] emission the luminosity profile with varying scale height, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 325.
Markham, T. P., Anctil, R. E. 1966, Airborne night airglow measurements in the south atlantic magnetic anomaly, J. geophys. Res., 71, 997.
Murcray, W. B. 1963, Infrared radiation from the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean, Science, 141, 802.
Nguyen-Huu, Doan 1964, Étude spectrophotométrique de la lumière ciel nocturne et crépusculaire dans le visible, Ann. Géophys., 20, 1.
Roach, F. E. 1964, The light of the night sky: astronomical, interplanetary and geophysical, Space Sci. Rev., 3, 512.
Roach, F. E., Smith, L. L. 1967, The worldwide morphology of the atomic oxygen nightglows, in Aurora and Airglow, Proc. of Aurora and Airglow Advanced Study Institute, Ed. Billy M. McCormic, Reinhold, p. 29.
Tanabe, H. 1964, Zodiacal light and airglow components at 5300 Å, Publ. astr. Soc. Japan, 16, 324.
Tanabe, H. 1964, Further evidence for the existence of an airglow radiation near 5300 Å independent of 5577 Å line, Publ. astr. Soc. Japan,, 16, 340.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, No. 7, 13, 15, 16, 24, 27, 57, 58.
B. Tropical airglow and the ionosphere
Awajobi, O. A. 1965, On the ionspheric F2-region equatorial anomaly, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 1309.
Barbier, D. 1964, Nouvelles observations de la raie rouge du ciel nocturne en Afrique, Ann. Géophys., 20, 22.
Barbier, D. 1964, L’observation optique de la couche F de l’ionosphère, Scientia, Sept.–Oct.
Barbier, D. 1964, Observations photométrique d’une perturbation de la haute atmosphere, Astrophys. norw., 9, 55.
Barbier, D. 1965, Deux phénomènes particuliers présentés par la raie rouge de la lumière du ciel nocturne, Ann. Géophys., 21, 228.
Baxter, R. G. 1964, On the theoretical effects of electrodynamic drift in the equatorial F2 layer, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 711.
Baxter, R. G., Kendall, P. C., Windle, D. W. 1965, Power series solution of the F2-layer diffusion equation, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 1263.
Brace, L. H., Spencer, N. W. 1965, Detailed behaviour of the midlatitude ionosphere from the Explorer XVII satellite, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 647.
Bramley, E. N. 1966, Plasma diffusion in the ionosphere, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 28, 681.
Bramley, E. N., Peart, M. 1964, Diffusion and electromagnetic drift in the equatorial F2 region, J. geophys. Res., 69, 4609 (also in 1965, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 1201 ).
Burkard, O. M. 1966, Some remarks on papers concerning the geomagnetic anomaly of the F2-layer, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 28, 1129.
Carman, E. H. 1964, Dependence of [O 1] 6300 Å airglow on latitude as observed from Townsville, Australia, Nature, 201, 595.
Carman, E. H. 1965, Seasonal trends in the latitude correlation between ionospheric parameters and [O 1] 6300 Å airglow observed from Townsville, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 329.
Carman, E. H., Gibson-Wilde, B. C. 1964, Seasonal variation of the [O 1] 6300Â airglow at Townsville from isophote sky maps, J. geophys. Res., 69, 487.
Carman, E. H., Kilfoyle, B. P., Gibson-Wilde, B. C. 1964, Pattern of the [O 1] 6300 Å airglow emitting regions at Townsville, J. geophys. Res., 69, 4725.
Chandra, S. 1964, Plasma diffusion in the ionosphere, I., J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 113 (II. 1965, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 1159 ).
Chandra, S., Goldberg, R. A. 1964, Geomagnetic control of diffusion in the upper atmosphere, J. geophys. Res., 69, 3187.
Duncan, R. A. 1964, Electrodynamic lifting and the equatorial F region of the ionosphere, J. geophys. Res., 69, 3741.
Gliddon, J. E. C., Kendall, P. C. 1964, Perturbation of a model F2-region by a small arbitrary time-dependent electrodynamic drift, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 721.
Goldberg, R. A., Kendall, P. C., Schmerling, E. R. 1964, Geomagnetic control of the electron density in the F region of the ionosphere, J. geophys. Res., 69, 417.
Hunten, D. M., Godson, W. L. 1967, Upper-atmospheric sodium and stratospheric warnings at high latitudes, J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 80.
Kendall, P. C. 1964, On the equations governing diffusion in the F2 layer, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 624.
Kendall, P. C., Windle, D. W. 1965, A possible explanation of the Appleton anomaly of the F2-layer, I., J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 795 (II. 1965, J. atmos. ierr. Phys., 27, 1163 ).
Mariani, F. 1964, Pitch-angle distribution of the photoelectrons and origin of the geomagnetic anomaly in the F2 layer, J. geophys. Res., 69, 556.
Nagata, T., Ogawa, T. 1964, Synthetic interpretation of the airglow [O 1] 6300 Å emission and the ionospheric condition, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 18, 394.
Peterson, V. L., Van Zandt, T. E., Norton, R. B. 1966, F-region nightglow emissions of atomic oxygen, I., J. geophys. Res., 71, 2255.
Peterson, V. L., Steiger, W. R. 1966, F-region nightglow emissions of atomic oxygen, II. Analysis of 6300 A and electron density data, J. geophys. Res., 71, 2267.
Rishbeth, H. 1964, A time-varying model of the ionospheric F2-layer, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 657.
Roach, F. E., Steiger, W. R., Brown, W. E. 1964, A summary of one year of observations of 6300 Å airglow at Haleakala, Tech. Rep. HIG-64-16, Hawaii Institute of Geophys.
Sharp, G. W. 1966, Midlatitude trough in the night ionosphere, J. geophys. Res., 71, 1345.
Silverman, S. M. 1965, The equatorial airglow, AFCRL-65-280.
Somayajulu, Y. V. 1964, Evidence on the horizontal diffusion of F-region ionization along the magnetic lines of force in equatorial latitudes, J. geophys. Res., 69, 561.
Somayajulu, Y. V. 1964, Some features of the F-region electron density and height variations in the equatorial regions, J. geophys. Res., 69, 1329.
Steiger, W. R., Brown, W. E., Roach, F. E. 1966, The alignment of 6300A airglow isophotes in the tropics, J. geophys. Res., 71, 2846.
Swider, W., Jr. 1967, On the decay of the ionospheric airglow 6300 Å line at night, Paper given at meeting of CO SPAR, Vienna, 1966, Space Res., 7, in press.
Varnasavang, V., Hargreaves, Sylvia, Kendall, P. C. 1965, The influence of horizontal air motions on F2-region ionization, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 707.
Yoshizaki, W. The effect of ionospheric movements on the emission rate of [O 1] 6300 Å airglow, in preparation.
Yoshizaki, W. 1965, Binary transport of electrons and ions in the equatorial ionosphere and its effect on the brightness of [O 1] 6300 Å airglow at Huancayo, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 19, 299.
Pertinent paper by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. 23.
C. Mid-latitude stable auroral arcs
Bellew, W., Silverman, S. M. 1965, The dependence of occurrence of midlatitude aurora on the sunspot cycle, J. geophys. Res., 70, 4985.
Carleton, N. P., Roach, J. R. 1965, Spectrographic observations of a mid-latitude red auroral arc, J. geophys. Res., 70, 1262.
Cole, K. D. 1965, On the Dst main phase of a magnetic storm and certain associated phenomena, in Phys. of Geomag. Phenomena, Ed. S. Matsushita and W. H. Campbell, Academic Press.
Cole, K. D. 1965, Stable auroral red arcs, sinks for energy of Dst main phase, J. geophys. Res., 70, 1689
Cole, K. D. 1966, Magnetic storms and associated phenomena, Space Sci. Rev., 5, 699.
Cole, K. D. 1966, A magnetic storm experiment for Australia, The Australian Physicist, 3, 27.
Cole, K. D. Suggestions for the experimental study of the stable auroral red arc and the ring current, in preparation.
Marovich, E. 1967, Fritz Peak observations of stable auroral arcs, ESSA Tech. Rep. 16.
Marovich, E. On the enhancement of 5577 Å emission associated with sar-arcs, in preparation.
D. Excitation of 6300 Å [O 1] by photoelectrons
Carlson, H. C., Jr. 1966, Ionospheric heating by magnetic conjugate-point photoelectrons, J. geophys. Res., 71, 195 (also paper presented to Aurora-Airglow conference at Keele, England; Reinhold, 1967, p. 643 ).
Cole, K. D. 1965, The predawn enhancement of 6300 Å airglow, Ann. Géophys., 21, 156.
Dalgarno, A., McElroy, M. B. 1965, Ionospheric electron temperatures near dawn, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 143.
Hoegy, W. R., Fournier, J.-P., Fontheim, E. G. 1965, Photoelectron energy distribution in the F-region, J. geophys. Res., 70, 5464.
Tohmatsu, T., Ogawa, T., Tsuruta, H. 1965, Photo-electronic processes in the upper atmosphere, I. Energy spectrum of the primary photo-electrons, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 19, 482.
E. Nightglow variations, temporal and spatial
Barbier, D. 1965, Variations de l’intensité des principales radiations de la luminescence atmosphérique nocturne avec le cycle solaire, Ann. Géophys., 21, 265.
Bollinger, C. J. 1965, Comments on paper by S. H. Neff entitled ‘Observation of the O I 5577 Å nightglow at Christchurch, New Zealand’, J. geophys. Res., 70, 5469.
Chiplonkar, M. W., Agashe, V. V., Tillu, A. D. 1965, A spectrophotometry study of the night airglow at Poona, Indian J. Pure and Applied Phys., 3, 182.
Dandekar, B. S., Silverman, S. M. 1964, The effect of solar flares on the [O I] green line of the nightglow, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 867.
Dandekar, B. S. 1965, Study of the [O I] green line at Mount Abu, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 27, 245.
Davis, T. N., Smith, L. L. 1965, Latitudinal and seasonal variations in the night airglow, J. geophys. Res., 70, 1127.
Greenspan, J. A., Stone, C. A. 1965, The longitudinal variation of night airglow intensity in the region of the South Atlantic magnetic anomaly, J. geophys. Res., 69, 465.
Greenspan, J. A. 1966, Synoptic description of the 6300 Å nightglow near 78° west longitude, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 28, 739.
Hernandez, G. J. 1965, Data previous to the International Geophysical Year I: 5577 [O I] line at Sacramento Peak, New Mexico, AFCRL-65-319.
Hernandez, G. J., Silverman, S. M. 1964, A reexamination of Lord Rayleigh’s data on the airglow 5577 Å [O I] emission, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 97.
Neff, S. H. 1965, Observations of the O 1 5577 Å nightglow at Christchurch, New Zealand, J. geophys. Res., 70, 1743.
Okuda, M. 1965, The intensity of oxygen red line in night airglow and its dependence on solar activity, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 19, 470.
Saito, B., Takahashi, T. 1966, Large amplitude variations of the intensity of oxygen 5577 Å emission in the night airglow and structure of lower thermosphere, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 20, 439.
Sandford, B. P. 1964, Aurora and airglow intensity variations with time and magnetic activity at southern high latitudes, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 26, 749.
Silverman, S. M. 1964, A note on the diurnal variation of the 5577 Å [O I] airglow emission, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 247.
Silverman, S. M., Bellew, W. 1966, Magnetic storm enhancement of the 5577 Å [O I] airglow emission intensity, Ann. Géophys., 22, 458.
Smith, L. L., Owen, R. W. 1966, Seasonal variation of nightglow Na 1 5890-96 Å, [O I] 5577 Å and [O I] 6300 Å in the tropics, NBS Tech. Rep. 329.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, No. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 29, 30.
F. Hydrogen airglow
Brandt, J. C. 1964, On diffuse galactic Lyman a in the night sky, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 650.
Donahue, T. M. 1964, Lyman alpha scattering in the Earth’s hydrogen geocorona, 3. The extrageocoronal contribution, J. geophys. Res., 69, 1301.
Donahue, T. M. 1964, H alpha excitation in the hydrogen near the Earth. Planet. Space Sci., 12, 149.
Donahue, T. M. 1966, The problem of atomic hydrogen, Ann. Geophys., 22, 175.
Donahue, T. M., Fastie, W. G. 1964, Observation and interpretation of resonance scattering of Lyman α and O 1 (1300) in the upper atmosphere, Space Res., 4, 304.
Eather, R. H., Sandford, B. P. 1966, The zone of hydrogen emission in the night sky, Austr. J. Phys., 19, 25.
Kondo, Y., Kupperian, J. E. 1967, Interaction of the neutral hydrogen and charged particles in the radiation belt: the consequent Lyman alpha emission, in preparation (to be submitted to J. geophys. Res.).
Winter, T. C. 1965, The determination of the profile of the north-south hydrogen Lyman alpha emission line, Ph.D. dissertation, UCLA.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37.
G. Aeronomy and excitation processes
Barbier, D. 1964, Possibilité de détection de particules de grande énergie dans la haute atmosphère par des observations de la luminescence nocturne atmosphérique, Space Res., 5, Proc. 5th int. Space Sci. Sym., Florence, 8–20 May, 1964.
Barth, C. A. 1964, Three body reactions, Ann. Géophys., 20, 182.
Barth, C. A. 1966, Nitric Oxide in the upper atmosphere, Ann. Géophys., 22, 198.
Bates, D. R. 1964, Chemical reactions contributing to the nightglow, Discussions of the Faraday Society, No. 37, 21.
Batey, P. H., Court, G. R., Sayers, J. 1965, Afterglow measurements of the rate coefficients for the reactions O+ + O2 → O +2 + O and O+ + N2 → NO+ + N, Planet. Space Sci. 13, 911.
Dalgarno, A. 1964, Corpuscular radiation in the upper atmosphere, Ann. Géophys., 20, 65.
DeMore, W. B., Raper, O. F. 1964, Deactivation of O(1D) in the atmosphere, Astrophys. J., 139, 1381.
Desesquelles, J., Do Cao, G., Dufay, M. 1966, Etude de l’ionization de quelques gas par des ions accélérés H +2 , C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, 262, 1329.
Donahue, T. M. 1966, Ionospheric reaction rates in the light of recent measurements in the ionosphere and the laboratory, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 33.
Donahue, T. M. 1967, The sodium airglow, International Dictionary of Geophysics, Pergamon.
Dufay, M., Druetta, M., Eideisberg, M. 1965, Sur la luminescence de l’oxygène excite par choc de particules accélérées sous 500 keV, C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, 260, 1123.
Dufay, M., Druetta, M., Eidelsburg, M. 1965, Sur l’excitation de l’azote et de l’oxygène par ions accélérés, C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, 261, 1635.
Dufay, M., Druetta, M., Eidelsberg, M. 1965, Sur la luminescence de l’azote excite par choc de particules accélérées sous 500 keV, C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, 260, 1901.
Dufay, M., Desesquelles, J., Druetta, M., Eidelsberg, M. Relatif à l’ensemble des expériences sur l’excitation des spectres de l’oxgène et de l’azote, Ann. Géophys., in press.
Fehsenfeld, F. C., Schmeltekopf, A. L., Ferguson, E. E. 1965, Some measured rates for oxygen and nitrogen ion-molecule reactions at atmospheric importance, including O+ + N2 → NO+ + N, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 219.
Fehsenfeld, F. C., Goldan, P. D., Schmeltekopf, A. L., Ferguson, E. E. 1965, Laboratory measurement of the rate of the reaction O+ + O2 →O +2 + O at thermal energy, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 579.
Fite, W. L. 1964, Charge transfer and ion-atom interchange collisions above thermal energies, Ann. Géophys., 20, 47.
Hunten, D. M., McElroy, M. B. 1966, Quenching of metastable states of atomic and molecular oxygen and nitrogen, Rev. Geophys., 4, 303.
Megill, L. R., Carleton, N. P. 1964, Excitation by local electric fields in the aurora and airglow, J. geophys. Res., 69, 101.
Megill, L. R., Cahn, J. H. 1964, The calculation of electron energy distribution functions in the ionosphere, J. geophys. Res., 69, 5041.
Nathan, K. V. S. K. 1966, Particle heating effects in the upper F-region, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 717.
Nichols, R. W. 1964, Transition probabilities of aeromically important spectra, Ann. Geophys., 20, 144.
Ogawa, T., Tohmatsu, T. 1966, Photoelectronic processes in the upper atmosphere, II. The hydrogen and helium ultraviolet glow as an origin of the night-time ionosphere, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 20, 395.
Paulson, J. F. 1964, Low energy charge exchange and ion-molecule reactions, Ann. Geophys., 20, 75.
Poulizac, M.-C., Desesquelles, J., Dufay, M. Sur l’excitation de l’oxyde de carbone par chocs protoniques, C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, in press.
Prag, A. B., Morse, Fred A., McNeal, R. J. 1966, Nightglow excitation and maintenance of the nighttime ionosphere by low-energy protons, J. geophys. Res., 71, 3141.
Schiff, H. I., Megill, L. R. 1964, The influence of metastable oxygen molecules on ozone and airglow, J. geophys. Res., 69, 5120.
Swider, W., Jr. 1965, A study of the nighttime ionosphere and its reaction rates, J. geophys. Res., 70, 4859.
Thomas, L., Norton, R. B. 1966, Possible importance of internal excitation in ion-molecule reactions in the F-region, J. geophys. Res., 71, 227.
Young, R. A., Black, G. 1966, Excitation of the auroral green line in the Earth’s nightglow, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 113.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. 43, 44, 45, 46.
H. N +2 in the nightglow
Broadfoot, L., Hunten, D. M. 1966, N +2 emission in twilight, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 1303.
Dalgarno, A., Latimer, I. D., McConkey, J. W. 1965, Corpuscular bombardment and N+2 radiation, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 1008.
Dalgarno, A., McElroy, M. B. 1966, Twilight effects of solar ionizing radiation, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 1321.
O’Brien, B. J., Allum, F. R., Goldwire, H. C. 1965, Rocket measurement of midlatitude airglow and particle precipitation, J. geophys. Res., 70, 161.
Yano, Kyo 1966, N +2 ions in the nocturnal upper atmosphere at middle latitudes, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 709.
I. Hydroxyl (OH) Nightglow
Huruhata, M. 1965, Correlation between the OH radiation in the night airglow and the height of the 10-millibar surface, J. geophys. Res., 70, 4927.
Nguyen, Huu-Doan 1963, Temperature de rotation des bandes (9-3) et (6-1) de la molecule OH, C. r. Acad. Sci., Paris, 256, 245.
Noxon, J. F. 1964, The latitude dependence of OH rotational temperature in the night airglow, J. geophys. Res., 69, 4087.
Stair, A. T. Jr., Kennealy, J. P., Stewart, S. P. 1965, Observation of the Δυ = I sequence of OH produced in the H + O3 reaction, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 1005.
Wolstencroft, R. D., Brandt, J. C., Rose, L. J. 1966, Anomalous brightness of the post- twilight evening sky in the near infra-red, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 445.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. I, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14.
J. Doppler temperatures
Fymat, A. L., Venketeswaran, S. V. 1965, The Doppler temperatures obtained from the 6300 Ä line of atomic oxygen in the airglow, Ann. Géophys., 21, 443.
Hernandez, G. J., Turtte, J. P. 1965, Nightglow 5577 Å [O I] line kinetic temperatures, Planet. Space Sci., 13, 901.
Hilliard, R. L., Shepherd, G. G. 1966, Upper atmospheric temperatures from Doppler line widths, IV. A detailed study using the [O I] 5577 Å auroral and nightglow emission, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 383.
Jarrett, A. H., Hoey, M. J., Paffrath, L. 1964, Observations of the 6300 Å O I emission of the nightglow with a pressure scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 591.
Jarrett, A. H., Hoey, M. J. 1965, Temperature determinations of the Earth’s upper atmosphere by optical methods, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 288, 510.
Jarrett, A. H., Hoey, M. J. 1966, Observations of the 6300 Å O I nightglow emission, J. atmos. terr. Phys., 28, 175.
K. Instrumentation and techniques
Best, G. T. 1965, A new use of the van Rhijn formula for airglow measurements, Planet Space Sci., 13, 855.
Blacker, H. V., Gadsden, M. 1966, On the calibration of airglow photometers, Planet. Space Sci., 14, 921.
Chiplonkar, M. W., Agashe, V. V., Tillu, A. D. 1966, Heights of the airglow emission layers at Poona, Indian J. Meteorology Geophys., 17, 95.
Dumont, R. 1965, Séparation des composantes atmosphérique, interplanétaire et stellaire du ciel nocturne à 5000 Å A. Application à la photométrie de la lumière zodiacale et du gegenschein, Ann. Astrophys., 28, 265.
Kulkarni, P. V., Sanders, C. L. 1964, Use of a radioactivated light source for the absolute calibration of two-colour night airglow photometer, Planet. Space Sci., 12, 189.
Wolff, M. M. 1966, A new attack on height measurement of the nightglow by ground triangulation, J. geophys. Res., 71, 2743.
Wolff, M. M., Garmil, J. Summary: Measurements have been made of the height of the 5577 Å nightglow layer using a new method of ground-based triangulation. The theory of the method is discussed and results compared with other methods. Average height obtained was 97 ± 3 kilometers, in preparation.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. 26, 28.
L. Rocket and satellite observations
Gillett, F. C., Huch, W. F., Ney, E. P., Cooper, G. 1964, Photographic observations of the airglow layer, J. geophys. Res., 69, 2827.
Gulledge, I. S., Packer, D. M., Tilford, S. G. 1966, Rocket measurements of the high altitude [O 1] 5577 Å and 6300 Å night airglow, Trans. Am. geophys. Un., 47, 74.
Hennes, J. P. 1966, Measurement of the ultraviolet nightglow spectrum, J. geophys. Res., 71, 763.
Hennes, J. P., Dunkelman, L. 1966, Photographic observations of nightglow from rockets, J. geophys. Res., 71, 755.
Huruhata, M., Nakamura, T., Tanabe, H. 1966, Rocket observations of emitting height of 6300 Å oxygen line in night airglow, Rep. Ionosph. Space Res. Japan, 20, 223.
NASA. Results of the first U.S. manned orbital space flight (20 February 1962 ). Appendix C, pp. 195–198, Description of the MA-6 Astronomical, Meteorological and Terrestrial Observations by John H. Glenn, Jr. Appendix D, pp. 199–204, Preliminary report on the results of the MA-6 flight in the field of space science by John A. O’Keefe.
NASA SP-6. Results of the second U.S. manned orbital space flight (24 May 1962 ). Chapter 4, pp. 35–42, Space Science Report by John A. O’Keefe. Chapter 7, pp. 69–75, Pilot’s flight report by M. Scott Carpenter.
NASA SP-12. Results of the third U.S. manned orbital space flight (3 October 1962 ). Chapter 4, pp. 37–48, Pilot’s flight report by Walter M. Schirra, Jr.
NASA SP-45. Mercury project summary including results of the fourth manned orbital flight (15–16 May 1963 ). Chapter 19, pp. 327–347, Observations of space phenomena by John A. O’Keefe, L. Dunkelman, S. D. Soules and P. D. Lowman, Jr. Chapter 20, pp. 349–358, Astronaut’s summary flight report by L. Gordon Cooper.
NASA. Manned Space Flight Experiments Symposium, Gemini Missions 3 and 4 (18–19 October 1965). Chapter 1, pp. 1–18, Geo-astronomical observations by L. Dunkelman, J. R. Gill, J. A. McDivitt, F. E. Roach, and E. H. White II. Gemini 3 -Gemini 4 - 3–7 June 1965.
NASA SP-121. Gemini Midprogram Conference (23–25 February 1966 ). (32) Geoastronomical observations, pp. 315–323, by F. E. Roach, L. Dunkelman, J. R. Gill, R. D. Mercer. (33) Dim light photography, pp. 325–328, by L. Dunkelman, and R. D. Mercer.
NASA report dated 1 November 1966. Interim report, Gemini 9 mission. Experiment S-I Zodiacal light photography by E. P. Ney and W. F. Huch, pp. 1–6. Experiment S-II Airglow horizon photography by M. J. Koomen and R. T. Seal, Jr.
O’Brien, B. J., Allum, F. R., Goldwire, H. C. 1965, Rocket measurements of midlatitude airglow and particle precipitation, J. geophys. Res., 70, 161.
Reed, E. I., Blamont, J. R. 1966, Some results concerning the principal airglow lines as measured from the OGO-II satellite, NASA X-613-66-190.
Stecher, Th. P. 1965, The spectral energy distribution of the Earth’s ultraviolet night airglow, J. geophys. Res., 70, 2209.
M. Twilight glow
Gadsden, M. 1967, Twilight observations (Review paper with 22 references to papers in this field since 1964), Aurora and Airglow, Reinhold, p. 109.
Hunten, D. M. 1967, Spectroscopic studies of the twilight airglow (Review paper with 60 references to papers in this field and dayglow since 1964), Space Sci. Rev., 6, 493.
Pertinent papers by Soviet authors: Shefov’s list, no. 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43.
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Roach, F.E. (1967). Commission de la Luminescence du Ciel. In: Perek, L. (eds) Reports on Astronomy/Proceedings of the Thirteenth General Assembly Prague 1967. International Astronomical Union Transactions, vol 13B. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-3476-0_14
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