Abstract
The matter found on the Earth’s surface can be divided into two categories: (1) that formed under the conditions of temperature and pressure prevailing at the surface, and (2) that formed at much higher pressure and temperature. Among the latter, two chief types may be distinguished:
The first is the magmatic rocks (also called igneous) that took shape from a liquid of melted silicates. The crystallization of these magmas could occur rapidly at the surface creating volcanic rocks or slowly at greater depths producing plutonic rocks.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bowen, N. L.: 1928, The Evolution of Igneous Rocks, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, N.J.
Cann, J. R.: 1971, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A268, 495.
Engel, A. E. J., Engel, C. J., and Havens, R. C.: 1965, Bull. G.S.A. 16, 719.
Gorshof, G. S.: 1970, Volcanism and the Upper Mantle (translated from Russian), Plenum Press.
Kuno, H.: 1959, Bull. Volcanologique 20, 37.
Poldervaert, A. and Hess, H. H.: 1967, Basalts, Vols. 1 and 2, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
Ringwood, A. E.: 1962, J. Geophys. Res. 67, 4005.
Ringwood, A. E. and Green, D. H.: 1966, Tetonophysics 3, 383.
Turner, F. J.: 1968, Metamorphic Petrology, McGraw-Hill Publ. Co., New York.
Turner, F. J. and Verhoogen, J.: 1960, Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology, McGraw-Hill Publ. Co., New York.
Winkler, H. G. F.: 1965, Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Wyllie, P. J.: 1968, Ultramafic and Related Rocks, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
Yoder, H. S. and Tilley, C. E.: 1962, J. Petrology 3, 342.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1974 D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Allègre, CJ., Michard, G. (1974). The Equilibria of Phases in the Lithosphere. In: Introduction to Geochemistry. Geophysics and Astrophysics Monographs, vol 10. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-2261-3_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-2261-3_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-277-0498-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-2261-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive