Promoting Lifelong Learning in Developing Countries: The Institutional Environment

Abstract

In developing countries, institutions are faced with a myriad of pressures, which threaten their effectiveness and ultimate survival. Such pressures include globalization, a weak or non-existent infrastructure, limited resources, increasing unemployment, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, famine, a “brain drain,” and civil conflict including regional and civil wars. All of these influence the ability of individuals and organizations to function well and to implement lifelong learning programs and associated processes.