Abstract
A characteristic feature of the second generation of industrial processes for the production of semi-synthetic penicillin and cephalosporin type antibiotics is the extensive application of biocatalysts for various molecular transformations. As outlined in Chapter 1 (section 3.1) in the passed 30 years several β-lactam antibiotics have been synthesized using enzymes. At present, the original drawbacks of enzymes being expensive, difficult to handle and only applicable in dilute aqueous solution, have been overcome thanks to the introduction of more robust and immobilized biocatalysts. Moreover, the biased opinion of many organic chemists regarding the use of bioreagents and biocatalysts for synthetic purposes no longer exists. On the contrary, the attractiveness of bioreagents and biocatalysts in organic synthesis is now widely recognized.
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Zwanenburg, B. et al. (2001). Molecular Precision in the Chemistry of Cephalosporin type Antibiotics. In: Bruggink, A. (eds) Synthesis of β-Lactam Antibiotics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0850-1_2
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