Abstract
This paper reviews how recent experiments, using the Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), have shed new light on the different roles of surface, bulk and lubricant film, properties in determining adhesion and friction. For example, depending on the surface lattice structure or roughness, but also on bulk material properties such as the stiffness and viscoelasticity of the surfaces, the adhesion force can be orders of magnitude lower or higher than the thermodynamic (equilibrium) value. These same factors in turn can have a large effect on the friction forces between the two sliding surfaces, in addition to any contribution coming from the lubricant film. The lubricant films themselves may be simple liquids, complex lube oils or ‘solid’ lubricants, or they can be chemically attached monolayers to the surfaces (‘boundary lubricants’). Their tribological properties are usually very different from the rheological properties of the bulk fluids or materials.
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Israelachvili, J. (2001). Tribology of Ideal and Non-Ideal Surfaces and Fluids. In: Bhushan, B. (eds) Fundamentals of Tribology and Bridging the Gap Between the Macro- and Micro/Nanoscales. NATO Science Series, vol 10. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0736-8_48
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0736-8_48
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