Choosing the tools

Abstract

In order to answer new questions, or to develop new techniques, it is necessary to both understand and appreciate the tools that scientists have for exploring nature. Let us begin this chapter with a few general observations on the use of tools. Anycraftsperson needs to begin his or her craft with a clear understanding of the uses and abuses of each tool. It is, however, possible to continue using an unnecessary tool simply because it is easier to do so than to learn how to use a new (and different) one. New tools can be invented once the old ones have been mastered. New tools are usually invented to solve new problems. Finally, tools do not solve problems or build things by themselves: they are guided by a blueprint. No amount of skill with tools can compensate for a sloppy or incorrect blueprint.

Give us the tools and we will finish the job. Winston Churchill (1941)

The mere taking of an instrument into the field and recording of observations, or the collection and analysis of...samples, is no guarantee of scientific results. A.G. Tansley

...there are never any guarantee of success and one always remains at the mercy of triviality or poor judgement. No methodological principle can eliminate the risk...of persisting in a blind alley of inquiry. I. Prigogine and I. Stengers (1984)