Skip to main content

Genetic Factors and the Role of Calcium in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis

  • Chapter
Calcium: The Molecular Basis of Calcium Action in Biology and Medicine

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired memory, cognition and altered behavior. Aging increases the incidence of AD from ∼10% in people 65 years of age or older to ∼47% in persons > 85 years. Although many theories have been proposed regarding the etiology of AD, the exact mechanisms involved are unknown and no effective cure exists. Exploring the role of calcium (Ca2+) in AD has begun to offer some insight into this devastating disease. This review will provide a basic background into AD pathology and genetics, followed by a more in depth focus on the evidence linking altered Ca2+ regulation to both the early-onset AD gene products and actual affected tissues.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Berridge, M.J., 1998, Neuronal calcium signaling, Neuron 21, 13–26.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bootman, M.D. and Berridge, M.J., 1995, The elemental principles of calcium signaling, Cell 83, 675–678.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Braak, H. and Braak, E., 1991, Neuropathological staging of Alzheimer-related changes, Acta Neuropathol. 82, 239–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buxbaum, J.D., Choi, E.-K., Luo, Y., Lilliehook, C., Crowley, A.C., Merriam, D.E. and Wasco, W., 1998, Calsenilin: A calcium-binding protein that interacts with the presenilins and regulates the levels of a presenilin fragment, Nature Med. 4, 1177–1181.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrion, A.M., Link, W.A., Ledo, F., Mellstrom, B. and Naranjo, J.R., 1999, DREAM is a Ca2+-regulated transcriptional repressor, Nature 398, 80–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clapham, D.E., 1995, Calcium signaling, Cell 80, 259–268.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cotman, C.W., 1998, Apoptosis decision cascades and neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease, Neurobiol Aging 19, S29–S32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donoviel, D.B., Hadjantonakis, A.K., Ikeda, M., Zheng, H., Hyslop, P.S. and Bernstein, A., 1999, Mice lacking both presenilin genes exhibit early embryonic patterning defects, Genes Dev. 13,2801–2810.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Etcheberrigaray, R., Hirashima, N., Nee, L., Prince, J., Govoni, S., Racchi, M., Tanzi, R.E. and Alkon, D.L., 1998, Calcium responses in fibroblasts from asymptomatic members of Alzheimer’s disease families, Neurobiol. Dis. 5, 37–45.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gervais, pEG., Xu, D., Robertson, G.S., Vaillancourt, J.P., Zhu, Y, Huang, J., LeBlanc, A., Smith, D., Rigby, M, Shearman, M.S., Clarke, E.E., Zheng, H., Van Der Ploeg, L.H., Ruffolo, S.C., Thornberry, N.A., Xanthoudakis, S., Zamboni, R.J., Roy, S. and Nicholson, D.W., 1999, Involvement of caspases in proteolytic cleavage of Alzheimer’s amyloid-beta precursor protein and amyloidogenic A beta peptide formation, Cell 97, 395–406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, G.E., Vestling, M., Zhang, H., Szolosi, S., Alkon, D., Lannfelt, L., Gandy, S. and Cowburn, R.F., 1997, Abnormalities in Alzheimer’s disease fibroblasts bearing the APP670/671 mutation, Neurobiol Aging 18, 573–580.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Q., Furukawa, K., Sopher, B.L., Pham, D.G., Xie, J., Robinson, N., Martin, G.M. and Mattson, M.P., 1996, Alzheimer’s PS-1 mutation perturbs calcium homeostasis and sensitizes PC12 cells to death induced by amyloid beta-peptide, Neuroreport 8, 379–383.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Q., Sopher, B.L., Furukawa, K., Pham, D.G., Robinson, N., Martin, G.M. and Mattson, M.P., 1997, Alzheimer’s presenilin mutation sensitizes neural cells to apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal and amyloid beta-peptide: Involvement of calcium and oxyradicals, J. Neurosci. 17, 4212–4222.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Q., Christakos, S., Robinson, N. and Mattson, M.P., 1998, Calbindin D28k blocks the proapoptotic actions of mutant presenilin 1: Reduced oxidative stress and preserved mitochondrial function, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 3227–3232.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haass, C. and De Strooper, B., 1999, The presenilins in Alzheimer’s disease-proteolysis hold the key, Science 286, 916–919.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hardy, J., 1997, Amyloid, the presenilins and Alzheimer’s disease, Trends Neurosci. 20, 154–159.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herreman, A., Hartmann, D., Annaert, W., Saftig, P., Craessaerts, K., Semeeis, L., Umans, L., Schrijvers, V., Checler, E., Vanderstichele, H., Baekelandt, V., Dressel, R., Cupers, P., Huylebroeck, D., Zwijsen, A., Van Leuven, F. and De Strooper, B., 1999, Presenilin 2 deficiency causes a mild pulmonary phenotype and no changes in amyloid precursor protein processing but enhances the embryonic lethal phenotype of presenilin 1 deficiency, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 11872–11877.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirashima, N., Etcheberrigaray, R., Bergamaschi, S., Racchi, M., Battaini, F., Binetti, G., Govoni, S. and Alkon, D.L., 1996, Calcium responses in human fibroblasts: a diagnostic molecular profile for Alzheimer’s disease, Neurobiol Aging 17, 549–555.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, E., Oka, K., Etcheberrigaray, R., Nelson, T.J., McPhie, D.L., Tofel-Grehl, B., Gibson, G.E. and Alkon, D.L., 1994, Internal Ca2+ mobilization is altered in fibroblasts from patients with Alzheimer disease, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 534–538.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janicki, S. and Monteiro, M.J., 1997, Increased apoptosis arising from increased expression of the Alzheimer’s disease-associated presenilin-2 mutation (N141I), J. Cell Biol. 139, 485–495.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janicki, S.M. and Monteiro, M.J., 1999, Presenilin overexpression arrests cells in the Gl phase of the cell cycle. Arrest potentiated by the Alzheimer’s disease PS2(N14II) mutant, Am. J. Pathol. 155, 135–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kauselmann, G., Weiler, M., Wulff, P., Jessberger, S., Konietzko, U., Scafidi, J., Staubli, U., Bereiter-Hahn, J., Strebhardt, K. and Kuhl, D., 1999, The polo-like protein kinases Fnk and Snk associate with a Ca(2+)-and integrin-binding protein and are regulated dynamically with synaptic plasticity, EMBO J. 18, 5528–5539.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelliher, M., Fastbom, J., Cowburn, R.F., Bonkale, W., Ohm, T.G., Ravid, R., Sorrentino, V. and O’Neill, C, 1999, Alterations in the ryanodine receptor calcium release chan-nel correlate with Alzheimer’s disease neurofibrillary and beta-amyloid pathologies, Neuroscience 92, 499–513.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leissring, M.A., Paul, B.A., Parker, I., Cotman, C.W. and LaFerla, F.M., 1999, Alzheimer’s presenilin-1 mutation potentiates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium signaling in Xenopus oocytes, J. Neurochem. 72, 1061–1068.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leissring, M.A., Parker, I. and LaFerla, F.M., 1999, Presenilin-2 mutations modulate amp-litude and kinetics of inositol 1, 4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium signals, J. Biol Chem. 274, 32535–32538.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattson, M.P., 1997, Cellular actions of β-amyloid precursor protein and its soluble and fibrillogenic derivatives, Physiol Rev. 11, 1081–1132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattson, M.P. and Guo, Q., 1999, The presenilins, The Neuro scientist 5, 112–124.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCoy, K.R., Mullins, R.D., Newcomb, T.G., Ng, G.M., Pavlinkova, G., Polinsky, R.J., Nee, L.E. and Sisken, J.E., 1993, Serum-and bradykinin-induced calcium transients in familial Alzheimer’s fibroblasts, Neurobiol Aging 14, 447–455.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mikkonen, M., Alafuzoff, I., Tapiola, T., Soininen, H. and Miettinen, R., 1999, Subfield-and layer-specific changes in parvalbumin, calretinin and calbindin-D28K immunoreactivity in the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer’s disease, Neuroscience 92, 515–532.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naik, U.P., Patel, P.M. and Parise, L.V., 1997, Identification of a novel calcium-binding protein that interacts with the integrin alphallb cytoplasmic domain, J. Biol. Chem. 272, 4651–4654.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neve, R.L. and Robakis, N.K., 1998, Alzheimer’s disease: A re-examination of the amyloid hypothesis, Trends Neurosci. 21, 15–19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimoto, I., 1998, A new paradigm for neurotoxicity by FAD mutants of betaAPP: A signaling abnormality, Neurobiol Aging 19, S33–S38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pack-Chung, E., Myers, M.B., Pettingell, W.P., Cheng, I., Moir, R.D., Brownawell, A.M., Tanzi, R.E. and Kim, T.-W., 2000, Presenilin 2 interacts with sorcin, a modulator of the ryanodine receptor, J. Biol. Chem. 275, 14440–14445.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parkin, E.T., Hussain, I., Karran, E.H., Turner, A.J. and Hooper, N.M., 1999, Characterization of detergent-insoluble complexes containing the familial Alzheimer’s disease-associated presenilins, J. Neurochem. 72, 1534–1543.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, H.B., Arispe, N. and Rojas, E., 1995, Ion channel hypothesis for Alzheimer amyloid peptide neurotoxicity, Cell Mol. Neurobiol. 15, 513–526.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Price, D.L., Tanzi, R.E., Borchelt, D.R. and Sisodia, S.S., 1998, Alzheimer’s disease: genetic studies and transgenic models, Ann. Rev. Genet. 32, 461–4193.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Querfurth, H.W. and Selkoe, D.J., 1994, Calcium ionophore increases amyloid beta peptide production by cultured cells, Biochemistry 33, 4550–4561.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Querfurth, H.W., Jiang, J., Geiger, J.D. and Selkoe, D.J., 1997, Caffeine stimulates amyloid beta-peptide release from beta-amyloid precursor protein-transfected HEK293 cells, J. Neurochem. 69, 1580–1591.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raina, A.K., Monteiro, M.J., McShea, A. and Smith, M.A., 1999, The role of cell cycle-mediated events in Alzheimer’s disease, Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 80, 71–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, T., Seki, N., Hattori, A., Hayashi, A., Abe, M., Araki, R., Fujimori, A., Fukumura, R., Kozuma, S. and Matsuda, Y, 1999, Structure, expression profile, and chromosomal location of a mouse gene homologous to human DNA-PKcs interacting protein (KIP) gene, Mamm. Genome 10, 315–317.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki, N., Hayashi, A., Abe, M., Araki, R., Fujimori, A., Fukumura, R., Hattori, A., Kozuma, S., Ohhira, M., Hori, T. and Saito, T., 1998, Chromosomal assignment of the gene for human DNA-PKcs interacting protein (KIP) on chromosome 15q25.3-q26.1 by somatic hybrid analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization, J. Hum. Genet. 43, 275–277.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki, N., Hattori, A., Hayashi, A., Kozuma, S., Ohira, M., Hori, T. and Saito, T., 1999, Struc-ture, expression profile and chromosomal location of an isolog of DNA-PKcs interacting protein (KIP) gene, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1444, 143–147.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selkoe, DJ., 1998, The cell biology of β-amyloid precursor protein and presenilin in Alzheimer’s disease, Trends Cell Biol. 8, 447–453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherrington, R., Rogaev, E.I., Liang, Y., Rogaeva, E.A., Levesque, G., Ikeda, M., Chi, H., Lin, C., Li, G., Holman, K., et al., 1995, Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease, Nature 375, 754–760.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shock, D.D., Naik, U.P., Brittain, J.E., Alahari, S.K., Sondek, J. and Parise, L.V., 1999, Calcium-dependent properties of CIB binding to the integrin alphallb cytoplasmic domain and translocation to the platelet cytoskeleton, Biochem. J. 342, 729–735.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, S.H., Lai, M.M. and Burnett, P.E., 1998, Immunophilins in the nervous system, Neuron 21, 283–294.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solodkin, A., Veldhuizen, S.D. and Van Hoesen, G.W., 1996, Contingent vulnerability of entorhinal parvalbumin-containing neurons in Alzheimer’s disease, J. Neurosci. 16, 3311–3321.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stabler, S.M., Ostrowski, L.L., Janicki, S.M. and Monteiro, M.J., 1999, A myristoylated calcium-binding protein that preferentially interacts with the Alzheimer’s disease presenilin 2 protein, J. Cell Biol. 145, 1277–1292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stadelmann, C., Deckwerth, T.L., Srinivasan, A., Bancher, C., Bruck, W., Jellinger, K. and Lassmann, H., 1999, Activation of caspase-3 in single neurons and autophagic granules of granulovacuolar degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. Evidence for apoptotic cell death, Am. J. Pathol. 155, 1459–1466.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, H., Capell, A., Pesold, B., Citron, M., Kloetzel, P.M., Selkoe, D.J., Romig, H., Mendia, K. and Haass, C, 1998, Expression of Alzheimer’s disease-associated presenilin-1 is controlled by proteolytic degradation and complex formation, J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32322–32331.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valdivia, H.H., 1998, Modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels in the heart by sorcin and FKBP12, two accessory proteins of ryanodine receptors, Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 19, 479–482.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vallar, L., Melchior, C., Plancon, S., Drobecq, H., Lippens, G., Regnault, V. and Kieffer, N., 1999, Divalent cations differentially regulate integrin alphallb cytoplasmic tail binding to beta3 and to calcium-and integrin-binding protein, J. Biol Chem. 274, 17257–17266.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vassar, R., Bennett, B.D., Babu-Khan, S., Kahn, S., Mendiaz, E.A., Denis, R., Teplow, D.B., Ross, S., Amarante, R., Loeloff, R., Luo, Y., Fisher, S., Fuller, J., Edenson, S., Lile, J., Jarosinski, M.A., Biere, A.L., Curran, E., Burgess, T., Louis, J.C., Collins, F., Treanor, J., Rogers, G. and Citron, M., 1999, Beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE, Science 286, 735–741.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vito, P., Wolozin, B., Ganjei, J.K., Iwasaki, K., Lacana, E. and D’Adamio, L.D., 1996, Re-quirement of the familial Alzheimer’s disease gene PS2 for apoptosis, J. Biol, Chem. 271, 31025–31028.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, X. and Lieber, M.R., 1997, Interaction between DNA-dependent protein kinase and a novel protein, KIP, Mutat. Res. 385, 13–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Monteiro, M.J., Stabler, S.M. (2000). Genetic Factors and the Role of Calcium in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis. In: Pochet, R., Donato, R., Haiech, J., Heizmann, C., Gerke, V. (eds) Calcium: The Molecular Basis of Calcium Action in Biology and Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0688-0_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0688-0_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6422-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0688-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics