Abstract
Ionized calcium (Ca2+) is the most common signal transduction element in cells. Intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+] i ), which average ∼ 100 nM in resting cells, are 20,000-fold lower than the extracellular concentrations (Clapham, 1995; Berridge, 1993). Unlike other signaling molecules, Ca2+ cannot be metabolized. Therefore, cells contain numerous specialized extrusion proteins (e.g., pumps and channels) and binding proteins that tightly regulate [Ca2+] i . Ca2+ is required for proliferation and survival of mammalian cells (Takuwa et al., 1995), yet paradoxically, prolonged high [Ca2+]i leads to cell death (Nicotera et al., 1994).
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Chun, K.Y., Sacks, D.B. (2000). The Interaction of Calmodulin with Novel Target Proteins. In: Pochet, R., Donato, R., Haiech, J., Heizmann, C., Gerke, V. (eds) Calcium: The Molecular Basis of Calcium Action in Biology and Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0688-0_32
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