Skip to main content

The Retention Capacity of Insurance Markets in Developing Countries

  • Chapter
Handbook of Insurance

Abstract

In the past, many developing countries have considered financial institutions locally incorporated or even State-owned monopolies, an essential element of their economic and political independence. At the same time, structural, financial and technical constraints such as the small size of the markets and the lack of sufficient experience have limited the retention capacity of these markets. Reliance on foreign reinsurance has remained an important policy issue. The purpose of this cross-sectional study of developing countries is to present some empirical tests of the relationship between insurance development and socio-economic characteristics of these countries.

The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Armington, P.S. (1969). “A Theory of Demand for Products Distinguished by Place of Production,” International Monetary Fund Staff Papers, 16, 1, 159–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arndt, H.W. (1988). “Comparative Advantage in Trade in Financial Services,” Banca Nazionale Del Lavaro Quarterly Review,41, 164, 61–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balassa, B. (1979). “The Changing Pattern of Comparative Advantage in Manufactured Goods,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 56, 2, 259–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balassa, B. (1986). “Comparative Advantage in Manufactured Goods: A Reappraisal,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 68, 2, 315–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin, R.E. (1971). “Determinants of the Commodity Structure of US Trade,” American Economic Review, 61, 1, 126–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball, C. and A. Tschoegl (1982). “The Decision to Establish a Foreign Bank Branch or Subsidiary: An Application of Binary Classification Procedures,” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 17, 411–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R.J. (1991). “Economic Growth in a Cross-Section of Countries,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106,407–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beenstock, M., Dickinson, G. and Khajuria, S. (1988). “The Relationship Between Property and Liability Insurance Premiums and Income,” Journal of Risk and Insurance, 55, 259–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benhabib, J. and M.M. Spiegel (1994). “The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence from Aggregate Cross-Country Data,” Journal of Monetary Economics, 34, 143–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernanke, B.S. and A.S. Blinder (1988). “Credit, Money and Aggregate Demand,” American Economic Review, 78, 435–439.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhagwati, J. (1987). “International Trade in Services and its Relevance for Economic Development,” in O. Giarini (Ed.) The Emerging Service Economy, Oxford: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blazenco, G. (1986). “The Economics of Reinsurance,” Journal of Risk and Insurance, 53, 258–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, H.P., Learner, E.E. and L. Sveikauskas (1987). “Multicountry, Multifactor Tests of the Factor Abundance Theory,” American Economic Review,77, 5, 791–809.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dee, P.S. (1986). Financial Markets and Economic Development: The Economics and Politics of Korean Financial Reforms, Kieler Studies, Universitat Kiel, Institut fur Weltwirtshaft.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doherty, N.A. and S.M. Tinic (1981). “Reinsurance Under Conditions of Capital Market Equilibrium: A Note,” Journal of Finance, 36, 949–952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eden Y. and Y. Kahane (1990). “Moral Hazard and Insurance Market Structure,” in H. Loubergé (Ed.) Risk, Information and Insurance, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, D.H. and I.N. Gang (1990). “Financial Development and the Price of Services,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, 38, 2, 341–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garven, J.R. (1987). “On the Application of Finance Theory to the Insurance Firm,” Journal of Financial Services Research, 1, 57–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garven, J.R. (1993). “The Demand for Reinsurance: Theory and Empirical Tests,” Working Paper, The University of Texas at Austin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garven, J.R. and H. Loubergé (1996). “Reinsurance, Taxes and Efficiency: A Contingent Claims Model of Insurance Market Equilibrium,” Journal of Financial Intermediation, 5, 1, 74–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grace, M.F. and H.D. Skipper, Jr. (1991). “An Analysis of the Demand and Supply Determinants for Non-Life Insurance Internationally,” Working-Paper 91–5, Center for Risk Management and Insurance Research, Georgia State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gujarati, D.N. (1988). Basic Econometrics, New-York: McGraw-Hill, 2nd ed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, D.K. (1990). The Economics of Political Violence, New-York: Praeger Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helpman, E. and P. Krugman (1985). Market Structure and Foreign Trade: Increase Returns, Imperfect Competition, and the International Economy, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, R. and A. Manson (1988). “Is Privatization the Answer?,” Finance and Development, 25, 3, 31–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hultman, C.W. and L.R. McGee (1989). “Factors Affecting the Foreign Banking Presence in the US,” Journal of Banking and Finance, 13, 383–396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, W.S. (1986). “Financial Development and Economic Growth: International Evidence,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, 34, 333–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kindleberger, C. (1974). “The Formation of Financial Centers: A Study in Comparative Economic History,” Princeton Studies in International Finance, 36, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kindleberger, C. (1985). “The Functioning of Financial Centers: Britain in the 19th Century, The United States since 1945,” in W. Ethier and R. Manston, eds., Markets and Capital Movements, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, R.G. and R. Levine (1993). “Finance and Growth: Shumpeter might be Right,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108, 3, 717–737.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krugman, P. (1979). “Increasing Returns, Monopolistic Competition, and International Trade,” Journal of International Economics, 9, 469–479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Launie, J.J. (1973). “The Balance of Payments Implications of Reinsurance for Emerging Countries,” Best’s Review, P/L Insurance ed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leamer, E.E. (1974). “The Commodity Composition of International Trade in Manufactures: An Empirical Analysis,” Oxford Economic Papers, 26, 350–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Learner, E.E. (1984). Sources of International Comparative Advantage: Theory and Evidence, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leamer, E.E. and H. Bowen (1981). “Cross-Section Tests of the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem: Comment,” American Economic Review, 71, 1040–1043.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, R. (1996). “Foreign Banks, Finance Development, and Economic Growth,” in C.E. Barfield (Ed.), International Financial Markets, Washington, D.C.: AEI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, L.Y. and W.T. Woo (1994). “Saving Behavior under Imperfect Financial Markets and the Current Account Consequences,” The Economic Journal, 104, 512–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Makiw, G., D. Romer and D. Weil (1992). “A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106, 407–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayers, D. and C.W. Smith (1982). “On the Corporate Demand for Insurance,” Journal of Business, 55, 281–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayers, D. and C.W. Smith (1990). “On the Corporate Demand for Insurance: Evidence from the Reinsurance Market,” Journal of Business, 63, 19–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moshirian, E (1993). “Determinants of International Financial Services,” Journal of Banking and Finance, 17, 7–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moshirian, F. (1994). “What Determines the Supply of International Financial Services,” Journal of Banking and Finance, 18, 495–504.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Outreville, J.F. (1990). “The Economic Significance of Insurance Markets in Developing Countries,” Journal of Risk and Insurance, 57, 487–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Outreville, J.F. (1991). “The Relationship Between Insurance, Financial Development, and Market Structure in Developing Countries,” UNCTAD Review,3, 53–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Outreville, J.F. (1995). “Reinsurance in Developing Countries,” Journal of Reinsurance, 2, 3, 42–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Outreville, J.F. (1996). “Insurance in Central-America,” The World Economy, 19, 5, 575–593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Outreville, J.F. (1999). “A Note on Financial Development, Human Capital and Political Instability, forth-coming in UNCTAD Discussion Papers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patrick, H. (1966). “Financial Development and Economic Growth in Underdeveloped Countries,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, 14, 174–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reichenstein, W. and J.W. Elliott (1987). “A Comparison of Models of Long-Term Inflationary Expectations,” Journal of Monetary Economics, 19, 405–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romer, D. (1993). “Openness and Inflation: Theory and Evidence,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108,869–903.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapir, A. and E. Lutz (1981). “Trade in Services: Economic Determinants and Development-Related Issues,” World Bank Staff Working Paper, 410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trefler, D. (1995). “The Case of the Missing Trade and Other Mysteries,” American Economic Review, 85, 5, 1029–1046.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1973). Reinsurance Problems in Developing Countries, New-York: United Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1980). Methods Used for Increasing the Local Retention of Insurance Business, TDB/C3/160, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1982). The Promotion of Life Insurance in Developing Countries, TD.B.C.3/177, Geneva: United Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD (1994). Statistical Survey on Insurance and Reinsurance Operations in Developing Countries, New-York: United Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van De Walle, N. (1989). “Privatization in Developing Countries: A Review of the Issues,” World Development, 17, 5, 601–615.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Outreville, J.F. (2000). The Retention Capacity of Insurance Markets in Developing Countries. In: Dionne, G. (eds) Handbook of Insurance. Huebner International Series on Risk, Insurance, and Economic Security, vol 22. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0642-2_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0642-2_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-7911-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0642-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics