Abstract
The history of satellite communications began with the publication of "Extra Terrestrial Relays" by Arthur C. Clarke in the October 1945 issue of Wireless World [1]. In this article, Clarke suggested that three satellites in geo-stationary orbit could provide worldwide communications. The geo-stationary orbit is 35,860 km above the equator. Satellites in such an orbit appear to remain fixed in space in relation to a specific point on earth. Over the period 1945–1964 several experiments were carried out to demonstrate the concept of using the satellite as a repeater in the sky [2]–[3]. In 1964, eleven nations established the International Telecommunication Satellite Consortium (INTELSAT). The consortium launched INTELSAT I, known as "Early Bird" in April 1965. It had two transponders with 25 MHz bandwidth and 10 watt of effective radiated power each, and could handle 240 transmit-receive voice circuits at one time or one TV signal. Although, its design life was only 18 months, it lasted for four years. INTELSAT I was the first satellite to provide regular communication service, and so it began the commercial era of satellite communications
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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Mansour, R.R. (2001). High Temperature Superconductor Multiplexers for Satellite Applications. In: Weinstock, H., Nisenoff, M. (eds) Microwave Superconductivity. NATO Science Series, vol 375. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0450-3_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0450-3_16
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