Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Storage and Computation in the Language Faculty pp 183–216Cite as

Storage and Computation in Spoken Word Production

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics ((SITP,volume 30))

Abstract

This chapter addresses the storage/computation issue in spoken word production. It is argued that word production is characterized by a storage versus computation trade-off that not only varies over the ensemble of planning stages but also within stages. Based on previous experience, the word production system has various aspects of words already prepared and stored away. To use such preparations, the system must access memory, retrieve the prepared material, and adapt it to the word at hand. The chapter reviews the WEAVER++ model of word production, spells out the model’s stance on the storage/computation trade-offs, and describes relevant empirical evidence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Archangeli, D. (1988). Aspects of underspecification theory. Phonology, 5:183–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aronoff, M. (1994). Morphology by itself. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierwisch, M. and Schreuder, R. (1992). From concepts to lexical items. Cognition, 42:23–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Booij, G. E. (1995). The phonology of Dutch. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowers, J. S. (1999). Grossberg and colleagues solved the hyperonym problem over a decade ago. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22:38–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Browman, C. P. and Goldstein, L. (1986). Towards an articulatory phonology. Phonology Yearbook, 3:219–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caramazza, A. (1997). How many levels of processing are there in lexical access? Cognitive Neuropsychology, 14:177–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, A. M. and Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82:407–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cutting, C. J. and Ferreira, V. S. (1999). Semantic and phonological information flow in the production lexicon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25:318–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dell. G. S. (1986). A spreading-activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review, 93:283–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dell, G. S. (1988). The retrieval of phonological forms in production: Tests of predictions from a connectionist model. Journal of Memory and Language, 27:124–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dell, G. S., Juliano, C., and Govindjee, A. (1993). Structure and content in language production: A theory of frame constraints in phonological speech errors. Cognitive Science, 17:149–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dell, G. S. and O’Seaghdha, P. G. (1992). Stages of lexical access in language production. Cognition, 42:287–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennett, D. C. (1991). Consciousness explained. London: Penguin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fodor, J. A., Garrett, M. F., Walker, E. C. T., and Parkes, C. H. (1980). Against definitions. Cognition, 8:263–367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett, M. F. (1975). The analysis of sentence production. In Bower, G. H., editor, The psychology of learning and motivation. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrett, M. F. (1980). Levels of processing in sentence production. In Butterworth, B., editor, Language production (Vol 1). Speech and talk. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrett, M. F. (1988). Processes in language production. In Newmeyer, F. J., editor, Linguistics: The Cambridge survey, volume 3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glaser, W. R. and Düngelhoff, F.-J. (1984). The time course of pictureword interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10:640–654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J. (1990). Auto segmental and metrical phonology. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halle, M. (1959). The sound pattern of Russian. The Hague: Mouton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hankamer, J. (1989). Morphological parsing and the lexicon. In Marslen-Wilson, W., editor, Lexical representation and process. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic structures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, D. (1999). Producing past and plural inflections. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, D., Roelofs, A., and Levelt, W. J. M. (2001). The production of inflected verbs. Language and Cognitive Processes. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jescheniak, J.-D. and Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). Word frequency effects in speech production: Retrieval of syntactic information and phonological form. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20:824–843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kenstowicz, M. (1994). Phonology in generative grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiparsky, P. (1982). Lexical morphology and phonology. In Yang, I. S., editor, Linguistics in the morning calm. Seoul: Hanshin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koskenniemi, K. (1984). A general computational model for word-form recognition and production. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M. (1989). Speaking: From, intention to articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M. (1992). Accessing words in speech production: Stages, processes and representations. Cognition, 42:1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A., and Meyer, A. S. (1999a). Multiple perspectives on word production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22:61–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M., Roelofs, A., and Meyer, A. S. (1999b). A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 22:1–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M. and Wheeldon, L. (1994). Do speakers have access to a mental syllabary? Cognition, 50:239–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. S. (1990). The time course of phonological encoding in language production: The encoding of successive syllables of a word. Journal of Memory and Language, 29:524–545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. S. (1991). The time course of phonological encoding in language production: The phonological encoding inside a syllable. Journal of Memory and Language. 30:69–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. S. (1996). Lexical access in phrase and sentence production: Results from picture-word interference experiments. Journal of Memory and Language, 35:477–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. S. and Schriefers, H. (1991). Phonological facilitation in pictureword interference experiments: Effects of stimulus onset asynchrony and types of interfering stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17:1146–1160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, G. A. and Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1976). Language and perception. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct: The new science of language and mind. London: The Penguin Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plunkett, K. (1995). Connectionist approaches to language acquisition. In Fletcher, P. and MacWhinney, B., editors, The handbook of child language. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulleyblank, D. (1983). Tone in lexical phonology. PhD thesis. MIT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1992). A spreading-activation theory of lemma retrieval in speaking. Cognition, 42:107–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1993). Testing a non-decompositional theory of lemma retrieval in speaking: Retrieval of verbs. Cognition, 47:59–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1994). On-line versus off-line priming of word-form encoding in spoken word production. In Ram, A. and Eiselt, K., editors, Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1996a). Computational models of lemma retrieval. In Dijkstra, T. and De Smedt, K., editors, Computational psycholinguistics: AI and connectionist models of human language processing. London: Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1996b). Morpheme frequency in speech production: Testing WEAVER. In Booij, G. E. and van Marie, J., editors, Yearbook of Morphology 1996. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1996c). Serial order in planning the production of successive morphemes of a word. Journal of Memory and Language, 35:854–876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1997a). A case for nondecomposition in conceptually driven word retrieval. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 26:33–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1997b). Syllabification in speech production: Evaluation of WEAVER. Language and Cognitive Processes, 12:657–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1997c). The WEAVER model of word-form encoding in speech production. Cognition, 64:249–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1998). Rightward incrementality in encoding simple phrasal forms in speech production: Verb-particle combinations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24:904–921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. (1999). Phonological segments and features as planning units in speech production. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14:173–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. and Baayen, H. (2001). Morphology by itself in planning the production of spoken words. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A., Meyer, A., and Levelt, W. J. M. (1996). Interaction between semantic and orthographic factors in conceptually driven naming: Comment on Starreveld and La Heij (1995). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22:246–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A. and Meyer, A. S. (1998). Metrical structure in planning the production of spoken words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24:922–939.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs, A., Meyer, A. S., and Levelt, W. J. M. (1998). A case for the lemma-lexeme distinction in models of speaking: Comment on Caramazza and Miozzo (1997). Cognition, 69:219–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbaum, D. A. (1980). Human motor initiation: Specification of arm direction and extent. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 169:444–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandra, D. (1994). The morphology of the mental lexicon: Internal word structure viewed from a psycholinguistic perspective. Language and Cognitive Processes, 9:227–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shattuck-Hufnagel, S. (1979). Speech errors as evidence for a serial-order mechanism in sentence production. In Cooper, W. E. and Walker, E. C. T., editors, Sentence processing: Psycholinguistic studies presented to Merrill Garrett. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, A. (1991). Morphological theory. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starreveld, P. A. and La Heij, W. (1996). Time-course analysis of semantic and orthographic context effects in picture naming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22:896–918.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stemberger, J.-P. (1985). An interactive activation model of language production. In Ellis, A. W., editor, Progress in the psychology of language (Vol. 1). London: LEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stemberger, J.-P. (1991). Radical underspecification in language production. Phonology, 8:73–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steriade, D. (1987). Redundant values. In Bosch, A., Need, B., and Schiller, E., editors, Papers from the parasession on autosegmental and metrical phonology. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zorzi, M. and Vigliocco, G. (1999). Compositional semantics and the lemma dilemma. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22:60–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Ardi Roelofs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Utrecht Institute of Linguistics OTS, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

    Sieb Nooteboom  & Frank Wijnen  & 

  2. University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Fred Weerman

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Roelofs, A. (2002). Storage and Computation in Spoken Word Production. In: Nooteboom, S., Weerman, F., Wijnen, F. (eds) Storage and Computation in the Language Faculty. Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, vol 30. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0355-1_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0355-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0527-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0355-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation