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External (Public) Examinations

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International Handbook of Educational Evaluation

Part of the book series: Kluwer International Handbooks of Education ((SIHE,volume 9))

Abstract

In many countries, “external” examinations (sometimes called “public” or “national”) occupy a central role in the assessment of individual students. Because of the wide variation in practice that they exhibit, however, it is difficult to define the examinations in a way that will include all to which the term is applied. Some examinations, though generally regarded as external or public, are not entirely external to the schools from which examinees come, while others are not public if that term is taken to mean that they are administered by a state authority, though they may be public in the sense that they are open to all.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Educational Research Centre, St. Patrick’s College, Dublin, Ireland

    Thomas Kellaghan

  2. Boston College, MA, USA

    George Madaus

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  1. Thomas Kellaghan
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  2. George Madaus
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Educational Research Centre, St. Patrick’s College, Dublin, Ireland

    Thomas Kellaghan

  2. The Evaluation Center, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA

    Daniel L. Stufflebeam

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Kellaghan, T., Madaus, G. (2003). External (Public) Examinations. In: Kellaghan, T., Stufflebeam, D.L. (eds) International Handbook of Educational Evaluation. Kluwer International Handbooks of Education, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0309-4_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0309-4_34

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