Skip to main content

Leadership in scientific organizations

  • Chapter

Abstract

Few studies have examined the role of leadership in the scientific enterprise. In the present effort, we attempt to apply a functional model of leadership to identify the key requirements for effective leadership of scientists. In keeping with the functional approach, we begin by examining the nature of scientific work with respect to people, processes, and context. Subsequently, the implications of these observations about people, processes, and context are used to formulate a set of propositions about the actions that should be taken in leading scientists. These propositions examine requisite actions at the individual, group, organizational, and field levels. The implications of these observations for the effective leadership of scientists are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abbey, A., & Dickson, J. W. (1983). R & D work climate and innovation in semi-conductors.Academy of Management Journal 26, 362-368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abra, J. (1995). Do the muses dwell in Elysium? Death as a motive for creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 8, no 3 205-218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abra, J. (1994). Collaboration in creative work: An initiative for investigation. Creativity Research Journal, 8, 205-218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amason, A. C. (1996). Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 123-148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews, F. M. (1975). Social and psychological factors that influence the creative process. In I. A. Taylor & J. W. Getzels (Eds.), Perspectives in Creativity(pp. 117-145).Chicago, IL: Aldine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrews, F. M., & Farris, G. F. (1967). Supervisory practices and innovation in scientific teams. Personnel Psychology, 20, 497-515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arad, S., Hanson, M. A., & Schneider, R. J. (1997). A framework the study of relationships between organizational characteristics and innovation. Journal of Creative Behavior, 31, 42-58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bahrimi, H., & Evans, S. (1987). Stratocracy in high-technology firms. California Management Review, 30, 51-66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, C. M. (2000). Deliberate insight and team creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 54, 101-112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barron, F., & Harrington, D. M. (1981). Creativity, intelligence, and personality. Annual Reviews of Psychology,32, 439-476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barrowe, J. T. (1975). Leadership and performance outcomes in research organizations: The supervision of scientists as a source of assistance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 14, 264-280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basadur, M., & Hausdorf, P. A. (1996). Measuring divergent thinking attitudes related to creative problem solving and innovation management. Creativity Research Journal,9, 21 32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass and Stogdill’s handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and management applications. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectation. New York: Harper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1996). Multifactor leadership questionnaire manual. Palo Alto, CA: Mindgarden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baughman, W. A., & Mumford, M. D. (1995) Process-analytic models of creative capacities: Operations influencing the combination and reorganization process. Creativity Research Journal,8, 37-62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, B. S. (1994). Scientific process and the Hepatitis B virus. Creativity Research Journal,7, 315-327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, M. K. (1993). Organizational innovations and substandard performance: Often is necessity the mother of invention? Organizational Science, 4, 57-75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burnside, R. M, Amabile, T. M., & Gryskiewicz, S. S. (1988). Assessing organizational climates for creativity innovation: Methodological review of large company audits. In Y. Ijiri & R. L. Kuhn (Eds.), New Directions in Creative and Innovative Management(pp. 169-186). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, W. B., & Gorman, M. E. (1992). A cognitive framework to understand technological creativity: Bell, Edison, and the telephone. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds: Creativity in Technology, New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128-152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, M. A., & Amabile, T. M. (1999). Motivation and creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity(pp. 297-312). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connelly, M. S., Gilbert, J. A., Zaccaro, S. J., Threlfall, K. V., Marks, M. A., & Mumford, M. D. (2000). Predicting organizational leadership: The impact of problem-solving skills, social judgment skills, and knowledge. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 65-86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cotgrove, S., & Box, S. (1970). Science, industry, and society: Studies in the sociology of science. London, England: Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Csikzentmihalyi, M. (1999). Implications of a systems perspective for the study of creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity(pp. 313-328). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Damanpour, F. (1998). Innovation type, radicalness, and the adoption process. Communication Research, 15, 545-567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 555-590.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, F., & Yammarino, F. J. (1998). Leadership: The multiple level approaches. Stamford, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deazin, R. Glynn, M. A., & Kazanjian, R. K. (1999). Multilevel theorizing about creativity in organizations: A sense making perspective. Academy of Management Review, 24, 286-329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dess,G. G., & Pickens,J. C. (2000). Changing roles: Leadership in the 21st Century. Organizational Dynamics, 28, 18-34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dougherty, D., & Bowman, E. H. (1995). The effects of organizational downsizing on product innovation. California Management Review, 37, 28-43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dougherty, D., & Hardy, B. F. (1996). Sustained innovation production in large mature organizations: Overcoming innovation to organization problems. Academy of Management Journal, 39 826-851.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dudeck, S. Z., & Hall, W. B. (1991). Personality consistency: Eminent architects 25 years later. Creativity Research Journal, 4, 213-232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, K. (1995). How do scientists really reason: Scientific reasoning in real world laboratories. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E Davidson (Eds.), The Nature of Insight(pp. 365-396).Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckvall, G., & Ryhammar, L. (1999). The creative climate: Its determinants and effects at a Swedish University. Creativity Research Journal, 12, 303-310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, R. L., James L. R., & Carron, T. (1970). Prediction of R & D performance criteria with biographical information. Journal of Industrial Psychology, 5, 37-57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, R. L., James, L. R., McDonald, B. W., Fox, D. G., & Taylor, C. W. (1968). The prediction of scientific and engineering performance with biographical information. Salt Lake City, UT: Institute of Behavioral Research in Creativity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, D. H. (1999). The development of creativity. In R. J. Sternberg, (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity(pp. 169-188). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feist, G. J. (1999). The influence of personality on artistic and scientific creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity(pp. 273-296). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feist, G. J., & Gorman, M. E. (1998). The psychology of science: Review and integration of a nascent discipline. Review of General Psychology, 2, 3–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fiedler, F. E., & Garcia, J. E. (1987). New Approaches to Effective Leadership: Cognitive Resources and Organizational Performance. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleishman,E.A. (1953). The description of supervisory behavior. Personnel Psychology, 37, 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frankwick, G. L., Walker, B. A., & Ward, J. C. (1994). Belief structures in conflict: Mapping a strategic marketing decision. Journal of Business Research, 31, 183-195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galluchi, N. T., Middleton, G., & Kline, A. (2000). Perfectionism and creative strivings. Journal of Creative Behavior, 34, 135-141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, E. (1992). Creativity, autonomy, and the evaluation of creative work: Artistic worriers in organizations. Journal of Creative Behavior, 26, 75-80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gryskiewicz, S. S. (2000). Cashing in on creativity at work. Psychology Today, 33, 62-72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guastello, S. J. (1995). Facilitative style, individual innovation and emergent leadership in problem solving groups. Journal of Creative Behavior, 29, 225-240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hackman, J. R., & Walton, R. E. (1986). Leading groups in organizations. In P. S. Goodman (Ed.), Designing Effective Work Groups(pp. 118-147). San Francisco, CA: Josey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, T. H., & Turk, J. M. (1987). Organizational determinants of leader behavior and authority. Journal of Applied Psychology, 22, 674-682.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, S. L., & Quinn, R. E. (1993). Roles executives play: CEOs, behavioral complexity, and firm performance. Human Relations, 46, 543-573.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heinzen, J. E., Mills, C., & Cameron, P. (1993). Scientific innovation potential. Creativity Research Journal, 6, 261-270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (1998). Reward, intrinsic motivation, and creativity. American Psychologist, 53, 674-675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (1988). The conditions of creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The Nature of Creativity(pp. 11-42). Cambridge England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitt, M. A., Hoskisson, R. E., & Ireland, R. D. (1994). A mid-range theory o the interactive effects of international and product diversification on innovation and performance. Journal of Management, 20, 297-326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hitt, M. A., Hoskisson, R. E., Johnson, R. A., & Moesel, D. D. (1996). The market for corporate control and firm innovation. Academy of Management Journal 39, 1084-1196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hounshell, E. A. (1992). Invention in the industrial research laboratory: Individual act or collective process. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds: Creativity in Technology(pp. 273-291). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howell, J. M., Bowen, D. E., Dorfman, P. W., Kerr, S., & Podsakoff, P. M. (1990). Substitutes for leadership: Effective alternatives to ineffective leadership. Organizational Dynamics, 19, 21-38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howell, J. M., & Higgins, C. A. (1988). Champions of technological innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 317-341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, K., Clark, K., & Cropanzano, R. (1999). Positive and negative creativity in groups, institutions, and organizations: A model and theoretical extension. Creativity Research Journal, 12, 211-226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, L. R., & James, L. A. (1989). Climate dimensions and structure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 316-325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jelnek, M., & Schoonhoven, C. B. (1990). The innovation marathon: Lessons learned from high technology firms. Oxford, England: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasoff, J. (1995). Explaining creativity: The attributional perspective. Creativity Research Journal, 8, 311-366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The Social Psychology of Organizations. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, S., & Jermier, T. M. (1978). Substitutes for leadership: Their meaning and measurement. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 22, 375-403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, R. H. (1963). Demographic, cultural, and personality attributes of scientists. In C. W. Taylor & R. Barron (Eds.), Scientific creativity: its recognition and development(pp. 205-216). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, T. S. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landy, F. J. (1983). The Psychology of Work. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lind, S. K., & Mumford, M. D. (1987). Values as predictors of job performance and advancement potential. Paper presented at the meetings of the Southeastern Psychological Association, Atlanta, GA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe, K. B., Koreck, K. G., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (1996). Effectiveness correlates of transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature. Leadership Quarterly, 7, 385-425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKinnon, D. W. (1962). The nature and nurture of creative talent. American Psychologist, 77, 484-495.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menon, A., Bharaduaj, S. G., & Howell, R. (1996). The quality and effectiveness of marketing strategy: Effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict in interorganizational relationships.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24, 299-313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, P. W. (1992). Discover and invention in polymer chemistry. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds: Creativity in Technology(pp. 178-193). New York: Oxford University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullin, R. F., & Sherman, R. (1993). Creativity and performance appraisal: Shall never the twain meet. Creativity Journal, 6, 425-434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D. (in press). Social innovation: Ten cases from Benjamin Franklin. Creativity Research Journal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D. (1998). Managing the creative process: Techniques and approaches in scientific organizations. In D. Sessa (Ed.), Paradigm for the successful utilization of renewable resources(pp. 1–16). Champaign, IL: AOCS Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D. (2000). Managing creative people: Strategies and tactics for innovation. Human Resource Management Review, 10, 313-351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Baughman, W. A., Suppinski, E. P., & Maher, M. A. (1996). Process based on measures of creative problem solving skills: II. Information encoding. Creativity Research Journal, 9, 77-88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., & Connelly, M. S. (1999). Leadership. In M. A. Runco & S. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Creativity: Volume I (pp. 807-814). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., & Connelly, M. S. (1991). Leaders as creators: Leader performance and problem-solving in ill-defined domains. Leadership Quarterly, 2, 289-315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Dansereau, F., & Yammarino, F. J. (2000). Motivation and fellowship: The case of individualized leaders. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 313-340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Feldman, J. M., Hein, M. B., & Nago, D. J. (2001). Tradeoffs between ideas and structure: Individual versus group performance in creative problem solving. Journal of Creative Behavior, 35, 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., & Gustafson, S. B. (1998). Creativity syndrome: Integration, application, and innovation. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 27-43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Helton, W. B., Decker, B. P., Connelly, M. S., & Van Doom, J. (2001). Leader integrity: Values and beliefs related to ethical decisions. Norman, OK: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Marks, M. A., Connelly, M. S., Zaccaro, S. J., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (2000). Development of leadership skills: Experience, timing, and growth. Leadership Quarterly, 77, 87-114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., & Simonton, D. K. (1997). Creativity in the work place: People, problems, and structures. Journal of Creative Behavior, 31, 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., & Van Doom, J. R. (2001). The leadership of pragmatism: Reconsidering Franklin in the age of charisma. Leadership Quarterly, 12, 279–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mumford, M. D., Zaccaro, S. J., Harding, F. D., Jacobs, T. O., & Fleishman, E. A. (2000). Leadership skills for a changing world: Solving complex social problems. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 11–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nickels, T. (1994). Enlightenment versus romantic models of creativity in science - and beyond. Creativity Research Journal, 7, 277–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nohari, K., & Gulati, S. (1996). Is slack good or bad for innovation. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 799-825

    Google Scholar 

  • Nystrom, H. (1990). Organizational innovation. In M. S. West & J. L. Farr (Eds.), Innovation and creativity at work: Psychological and organizational strategies(pp. 143-162). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, N. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 607-628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owens, W. A. (1969). Cognitive, non-cognitive, and environmental correlates of mechanical ingenuity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 53, 199-208.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavitt, K. (1990). What we know about strategic management of technology. California Management Review, 33, 17-126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelz, D. C, & Andrews, F. M. (1996). Scientists in organizations: Productive climates for research and development. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perkins, D. N. (1992). The topography of invention. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive Minds: Creativity in Technology(pp 238-250). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, J. L., & Delbecq, A. C. (1977). Organizational structure, individual attitudes and innovation. Academy of Management Review, 2, 26-37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G. (1990). The core competencies of the corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68, 79-91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puccio, G. J., Talbot, R. J., & Joniak, A. J. (2000). Examining creative performance in the workplace through a person-environment fit model. Journal of Creative Behavior, 34, 227-247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Redmond, M. R., Mumford, M. D., & Teach, R. J. (1993). Putting creativity to work: Leader influences on subordinate creativity. Organization behavior and human decision processes, 55, 120-151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, E. M., & Adhikarya, R. (1979). Diffusion of innovations: Up to date review and commentary. In D. Nimmo (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 3(pp. 67-81). Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

    Google Scholar 

  • Root-Bernstein, R. S., Bernstein, M., & Gamier, H. (1993). Identification of scientists making long-term high impact contributions, with notes on their methods of working. Creativity Research Journal, 6, 329-344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Root-Bernstein, R. S., Bernstein, M., & Gamier, H. (1995). Correlations between avocations, scientific style, work habits, and professional impact of scientists. Creativity Research Journal, 8, 115-137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sela, M. (1994). A personal view of molecular immunology. Creative Research Journal, 7, 327-340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sessa, V. I. (1998). E = GR2P: A model for managing research and development teams. In O.J.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sessa & J. L. Willett (Eds.), Paradigm for the Successful Utilization of Renewable Resources(pp. 17-29). Champaign, IL: AOCS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shalley, C. E. (1991). Effects of productivity goals, creativity goals, and personal discretion on individual creativity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 179-185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shalley, C. E., & Oldham, G. R. (1997). Competition and creative performance: Effects of competition, presence, and visibility. Creativity Research Journal, 10, 337-346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., Avolio, B. J. (1999). Leadership style, anonymity, and creativity in group decision support systems: The mediating role of optimal flow. Journal of Creative Behavior, 33, 227-256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, C. W. (1963). Variables related to creativity and productivity among men in two research laboratories. In C. W. Taylor and F. Barron (Eds.), Scientific Creativity: Its Recognition and Development(pp. 228-250). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tesluk, P. E., Farr, J. L., & Klein, S. R. (1997). Influences of organizational culture and climate on individual creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 31, 27-41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, P., Farmer, S. M., & Graen, G. B. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships. Personnel Psychology, 52, 591-620.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tushman, M. L., & O’Reilly, C. A. (1997). Winning through innovation: A practical guide to leading organizational change and renewal. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward, T. B., Smith, S. M., & Finke, R. A. (1999). Creative cognition. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of Creativity(pp. 189-212). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wentroff, R. H. (1992). The synthesis of diamonds. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive minds: Creativity in technology(pp. 154-165). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wild, J. J. (1992). The origin of soft tissue ultrasonic echoing and early instrumental application to clinical medicine. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive minds: Creativity in technology(pp. 115-141). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wise, G. (1992). Inventors and corporations in the maturing electrical industry. In R. J. Weber & D. N. Perkins (Eds.), Inventive minds: Creativity in technology(pp. 291-310). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yukl, G. C. (1998). Leadership in Organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaccaro, S. J., Mumford, M. D., Connelly, M. S., Marks, M. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2000). Leader skill assessment: Measures and methods. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 37-64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, H. (1974). The scientific elite: Nobel Laureates’ mutual influence. In R. S. Albert (Ed.), Genius and Eminence(pp. 171-186). New York: Pergammon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, H. (1979). Theory choice and problem choice in science. Sociological Inquiry, 48, 65-95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, H., & Cole, J. R. (1994). Research strategies in science: A preliminary inquiry. Creativity Research Journal, 7, 391-406

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mumford, M.D., Scott, G.M., Gaddis, B. (2003). Leadership in scientific organizations. In: Hurley, J. (eds) Scientific Research Effectiveness. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0275-2_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0275-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-3961-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0275-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics